摘要
我国既有规范性文件在"集体所有权人为谁"的问题上表述不一,理论上也争议巨大。而无论是集体所有权人为"农民集体"还是为"集体经济组织"的观点,都无法回避集体资产经营者破产后集体土地所有权流转的风险。笔者认为,集体所有权人为"农民集体","农民集体"投资设立"集体经济组织"。关键在于,"农民集体"并非、也不需要以土地所有权进行投资,而只需以各种用益物权进行投资。经营失败的"集体经济组织"需以自己的全部财产——包括前述用益物权偿债,土地所有权不被波及。用益物权期限届满后,土地所有权基于弹力性恢复其完满状态,"农民集体"又可以设立各类用益物权,并再次向新的"集体经济组织"投资。以上设计,可望兼顾集体土地所有权的稳定、集体经济组织的真正市场主体化、农民生存保障不被根本破坏等多个价值目标。
The existing normative documents have different expressions on the issue of'who is the owner of collective property',and there is also enormous controversy in theory.But whether the owner of collective property is'peasants'collective'or'collective economy organization',it will be unable to avoid the risk which is the transfer of the ownership of collective land after the manager of collective property bankrupts.This paper argues that the owner of collective property is the'peasants'collective'who invests and establishes the 'collective economy organization'.The point is that the'peasants'collective'doesn't or needn't invest with the ownership of land,but with various usufructs.The failed'collective economy organization'should use all of its property including above-mentioned usufructs to repay the debt,but the ownership of land is not involved.After the expiration of usufructs'duration,the ownership of land will restore based on its elasticity,the 'peasants'collective'can establish various usufructs and invest in new 'collective economy organizations'again.The above-mentioned design can give consideration to many value goals including the stability of the ownership of collective land,the realization of collective economy organization's the principal status in market and the protection for peasants'survival.
出处
《财经法学》
2016年第1期44-50,共7页
Law and Economy
基金
国家社会科学基金青年项目(项目编号:10CFX036)
中国政法大学优秀中青年教师培养支持计划资助项目
中国政法大学青年教师学术创新团队资助项目
中国政法大学校级人文社会科学研究项目
关键词
农民集体
集体经济组织
集体所有权人
风险界定
Peasants' collective
Collective economy organization
Owner of collective property
Risk identification
