摘要
以色列多党制的政治制度缘于犹太复国主义运动,之后经历了从工党主导到工党和利库德集团竞争对峙,再到政党政治碎裂化的发展历程。政党政治在以色列国家的现代化进程中发挥了核心作用,促进了其民主政治的深入发展。以色列的多党制受移民社会、单一比例代表制、总理直选法案和经济结构变迁四个因素的影响。以色列当前多元性的移民社会、复杂性的族群矛盾、紧张的地缘环境、犹太民族的特殊宗教属性和以色列国家的犹太民族属性,使以色列的政党政治具有不同于一般国家和社会的党派林立、分化组合频繁、碎裂化格局日益明显的基本特征。
The pattern of Israeli party politics was basically formed before the founding of the State of Israel. The establishment of the state provided a wider space for Israeli party politics which has played a critical role in the process of Israeli modernization. Israel's multiparty system is influenced by four factors: immigrant society,single-proportion representation,direct election of the Prime Minister,and changes in economic structure. Diversified immigrant society,complicated conflicts of ethnic groups,strained geographical environment and the Jews' religious attributes together with the Jewish attributes of Israel commonly shaped the uniqueness of Israeli party politics. It has experienced a process from the Israeli Labor Party leading to the bipartisan competition between the Labor Party and the Likud to the fragmented pattern of party politics,with the further development of Israeli democratic politics.
出处
《阿拉伯世界研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第6期44-56,117,共13页
Arab World Studies
基金
山东省社科规划重点项目"以色列农业社区模式的变迁及对山东省‘田园综合体’建设的借鉴研究"(17BSSJ01)的阶段性成果
关键词
以色列
政党政治
宗教政党
族群矛盾
阿以关系
Israel
Party Politics
Religious Parties
Ethnic Conflicts
Arab-Israeli Relations
