摘要
德鲁兹人作为以色列境内的少数族裔,在1918年英军占领巴勒斯坦全境后不久,便获得了英国委任统治当局给予的独立社团身份,且长期与当地犹太社团保持友好关系。1948年以色列建国前后,德鲁兹社团与犹太社团结为同盟,这种关系于1956年上升为德鲁兹社团与以色列之间的“血盟”,以德鲁兹社团与以色列国家之间特殊关系为实质的“德鲁兹—犹太复国主义盟约”由此诞生并持续至今。2018年以色列出台《犹太民族国家法》,其中部分条款引发了德鲁兹社团对这一特殊关系的质疑和对该法的抗议。一百年间,双方间的特殊关系历经酝酿阶段、形成阶段、发展阶段、演进阶段和裂变阶段等不同时期。德鲁兹社团和以色列特殊关系的基石是两者之间的共同利益,这种关系的非对称性使其虽屡受冲击但不会轻易破灭,而其前景本质上取决于以色列如何平衡国家的犹太属性和社会的政治民主。
As a minority ethnic group in Israel,the Druze obtained the independent community status granted by the British Palestine Mandate authority shortly after the British army occupied the whole territory of Palestine in 1918,and maintained friendly relations with the local Jewish Community for a long time.Around the establishment of Israel in 1948,the Druze Community allied with the Jewish Community.The alliance rose to the “Covenant of Blood”in 1956.At the same time,the “Druze Zionist Covenant ” was born.Its essence is the special relationship between the Druze Community and the State of Israel.The Nation-State Lawissued in 2018 triggered the Druze Community to query the “Druze Zionist covenant”and protest against the Nation-State Law.The special relationship between the Druze Community and the State of Israel can be divided into five different periods from 1918 to 2018:brewing stage( 1918-1948),formation stage( 1948-1956),developing stage( 1956-1976),changing stage( 1976-2001) and splitting stage( 2001-2018).The cornerstone of the formation and development of this special relationship is the common interests between the Druze Community and the State of Israel.The special relationship has been repeatedly impacted,but it will not be destroyed easily because of its asymmetry and other factors.In addition,its prospect essentially depends on the balance of Jewishness and democracy in Israel.
作者
潘楠
PAN Nan(Institute of Domestic Security,Zhejiang Police College)
出处
《阿拉伯世界研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第2期77-97,158,共22页
Arab World Studies
基金
2019年度国家民委民族研究委托项目(2019-CME-006)的阶段性成果。
