摘要
壳聚糖是几丁质的脱乙酰化形式,是一种可从甲壳纲、昆虫和真菌中获得的生物聚合物,具有良好的物理化学特性以及众多的生物活性,并显示出对不同真菌、革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌的抗菌活性。壳聚糖与微生物表面阴离子之间的静电相互作用是决定壳聚糖抗真菌和细菌微生物活性的重要因素,但是受微生物类型、壳聚糖的分子质量和脱乙酰度等影响。根据抗真菌和细菌的特性,将壳聚糖通过饲料添加剂或凝胶注射等方式用于动物生产,其在提高动物生产性能和免疫性能以及在疾病治疗等方面都有很大应用潜力。本文主要综述了壳聚糖最新的抗微生物活性作用机制和影响因素,为壳聚糖在动物生产上的应用提供理论基础。
Chitosan is the deacetylated form of chitin,a biopolymer that can be obtained from crustaceans,insects and fungi.It has good physicochemical properties and numerous biological activities,and show s antimicrobial activity against different fungi,gram positive and gram negative bacteria.Electrostatic interactions between chitosan and surface anions of microorganisms are important factors that determine the antifungal activity of chitosan and microbial activity of bacteria,but are affected by the type of microorganism,the molecular weight of chitosan,and the degree of deacetylation.According to the characteristics of anti-fungus and bacteria,chitosan is used for animal production through feed additives or gel injection,which improves animal performance and immune performance,and has great potential for application in disease treatment and the like.This article mainly reviewed the latest anti-microbial activity mechanisms and influencing factors of chitosan,providing a theoretical basis for the application of chitosan in animal production.
作者
孙铭维
童津津
蒋林树
熊本海
SUN Mingwei;TONG Jinjin;JIANG Linshu;XIONG Benhai(Key Laboratory for Dairy Cow Nutrition,College of Animal Science and Technology,Beijing University of Agriculture,Beijing 102206,China;Institute of Animal Science,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China)
出处
《动物营养学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第11期4327-4333,共7页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
基金
"十三五"国家重大科技专项(2016YFD0700201
2016YFD0700205
2017YFD0701604)
北京市现代农业产业技术体系奶牛创新团队
国家自然科学基金(31772629
31702302)
2015年大北农青年教师科研基金
2016年北京农学院青年教师科研基金
2017年北京市教委科技计划项目(SQKM201710020011)
北京市博士后基金
关键词
壳聚糖
抗菌活性
真菌
动物生产
作用机制
chitosan
antibacterial activity
fungi
animal production
mechanism
