摘要
较高强度和刚度、较强耐磨性且较低重量是对自卸式车辆货箱整体要求,综合运用材料力学、土力工程学原理及计算机仿真分析手段,对自卸车货箱进行优化设计。根据货箱结构及典型工况特点,对货箱进行有限元分析,各工况下货箱等效应力分布及形变情况。在保证结构强度基础上,通过更改加强筋形状及横截面形状对侧板总成进行结构优化设计;利用减少加强筋数目、改变加强筋位置对护板总成进行结构优化设计;通过结构优化,使货箱的质量下降15.6%。利用高强度钢板替代,使用HG70E、DOMEX700W替代传统Q235E,分别使货箱质量下降19.2%、22.6%。对各种材料货箱进行疲劳寿命分析,结果表明使用材料力学性能最好的DOMEX700W生产货箱,疲劳寿命最长;并采用试验方法对优化设计后货箱进行分析,验证分析可靠性;为此类设计研究提供参考。
High strength and stiffness, strong wear resistance and low weight are the overall requirements of the cargo-box of the dump truck. After analysis the stress of the structure using finite element analysis method combined with theory of mechanics of materials, the cargo-box’s weight minimized largely by optimal design. According to the structural characteristics and its typical container conditions of cargo-box, finite element analysis of the box was taken and equivalent stress distribution under various conditions of deformation of container structures was analyzed. Based on these works, optimizing rib shape and cross-sectional shape to optimization design the side assembly structural, reducing the strengthening number of ribs and changing the position of the ribs to optimization design the guard plate assembly structural, and were minimize the cargo -box’s weight down by 15.6%. By using the formula of thickness replacement to get the thickness of HG70E and DOMEX700W steel which take place of Q345E steel as main material of cargo-box. After changing material, the weight of dump-box was reduced by 19.2% and 22.6% respectively. Dump-box operating cost formula was derived by predicting fatigue life and accumulating producing and running fee, then conclusion was reached that DOMEX700W steel made dump-box not only have the longest fatigue life, but also very strong practicability. Those provide reference design for such research.
作者
马志国
刘朝中
李敏
MA Zhi-guo;LIU Chao-zhong;LI Min(Huanghe Science and Technology College,He＇nan Zhengzhou 450063,China)
出处
《机械设计与制造》
北大核心
2018年第12期145-149,共5页
Machinery Design & Manufacture
基金
河南省品牌专业-材料成型及控制工程(ZLG201405)
关键词
自卸车
货箱
优化设计
轻量化
有限元分析
Dump Truck
Cargo-Box
Optimal Design
Lightweight
Finite Element Analysis
