摘要
儿童上消化道出血病因复杂,并随年龄不同而不同,可分为非静脉曲张性上消化道出血和静脉曲张性出血两大类。患儿临床表现从无症状性贫血到失血性休克变化多样。由于儿童总血容量相对较小,对失血耐受较差,即使是少量的出血,也易发生严重并发症,故需要合理的诊断及治疗。内镜检查可对患儿上消化道出血进行诊断并进行止血治疗,具有简便快捷、创伤小、见效快等优点。随着内镜技术的发展,上消化道出血的手术率和病死率明显下降。
The causes of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in children are numerous and vary with age. According to hemorrhagic causes and pathogenesis,upper gastrointestinal bleeding can be classified into two categories：nonvariceal and variceal. The clinical presentation of gastrointestinal bleeding in children ranges from asymptomatic microcytic anemia to hypovolemic shock. Because of the relatively small blood volume and poor blood loss tolerance of children,even a small amount of bleeding is prone to serious complications,so reasonable diagnosis and treatment are necessary. Endoscopic examination can enable us to make diagnoses and perform hemostasis treatment for children,which has the advantages of being simple,with little trauma and quick effect. With the development of endoscopic technology,the surgery rate and fatality rate of upper gastrointestinal bleeding have significantly decreased.
作者
游洁玉
姜娜
YOU Jie-yu;JIANG Na(Department of Gastroenterology,Hunan Children＇s Hospital,Changsha 410000,China)
出处
《中国实用儿科杂志》
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第11期845-848,共4页
Chinese Journal of Practical Pediatrics
关键词
非静脉曲张性上消化道出血
儿童
内镜
诊断
治疗
nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding
child
endoscopy
diagnosis
treatment
