摘要
种子雨是种子植物在自然更新过程中最为关键的阶段之一。为了了解栓皮栎(Quercus variabilis)种子雨动态变化,于2011-2013年在秦岭南坡佛坪国家自然保护区内对栓皮栎种子雨下落过程进行调查研究。结果表明:(1)3年间,栓皮栎种子雨动态变化趋势相似,整个种子雨下落过程先后均经历了起始期、高峰期和末期3个阶段,其中起始期主要集中在8月下旬,高峰期主要集中在9月下旬至10月中上旬,随后种子雨下落数量慢慢减少进入种子雨下落末期,11月中下旬下落结束。(2)3年间,栓皮栎种子雨构成中完好种子、虫蛀种子、败育种子所占比例无显著差异。(3)3年间,栓皮栎种子雨密度及种子产量均表现出明显差异,表明栓皮栎存在种子产量大小年现象,通过比较年际间种子产量我们推测2013年是栓皮栎种子产量相对大年,2011和2012是种子产量相对小年。(4)3年间,种子雨下落过程中,败育种子的种子雨下落初期和高峰期早于完好种子,这或许是植物适应动物捕食的一种自我防御机制。
Seed rain is one of the critical stages in the natural regeneration of seed plants. In order to understand the seed rain dynamic changes of Quercus variabilis , the seed rain process of Q.variabiliswas investigated in Foping National Natural Reserve, Qinling Mountains from 2011 to 2013. Results showed that： i） the seed rain dynamic change trend were similar within 3 years, the whole process mainly included three stages： initial period, peak period and last period. The initial period mainly started in the late August, peak period mainly concentrated in the late September to early October, then seeds falling number reduced slowly to last period. The falling process was ended until late November; ii） there was no significant difference in the proportion of sound seeds, infested seeds and aborted seedsin the 3 years： iii） the seed rain density and seed production of Q.variabilis showed obvious differences in the 3 years, indicating that Q.variabilis has mast seeding phenomenon. By comparing the seed production, we speculated that the seed production was relatively large in 2013, and was relatively small in 2011 and 2012; iv） the initial period and peak period of aborted seeds were little earlier than sound seeds in the seed rain process in the 3 years, maybe a defense mechanism to animals predation.
作者
王京
张博
侯祥
WANG Jing;ZHANG Bo;Hou Xiang(Shaanxi Institute of Zoology,Xi＇an 710032;College of Life Sciences,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi＇an 710062)
出处
《陕西林业科技》
2018年第5期1-4,共4页
Shaanxi Forest Science and Technology
基金
陕西省科学院科技计划项目(2015K-26)
关键词
栓皮栎
种子雨
种子产量
Quercus variabilis
seed rain
seed production
