摘要
目的对半封闭居室的适居性进行评价,为其改进、优化提供依据。方法利用虚拟实验、足尺空间建模、语义解析法对半封闭居室布局及其设施设备进行适居性评价。结果在虚拟实验阶段,筛选出了5套方案;在足尺空间模拟实验中,房间布局评价中方案5得分最高。原案在设施设备评价实验中得分最高。床铺评价结果显示上铺的评价感受明显低于下铺的评价(P <0. 01)。电视视看位置评价结果表明坐在上铺看电视的感受最差(P <0. 01)。洗漱台高度评价结果显示,与原案洗漱台高度的评价相比,增加洗漱台的高度或者降低洗漱台的高度无显著性差异(P> 0. 05)。办公桌高度评价结果显示原案的评价与增加桌子高度后的评价并未有显著差异(P> 0. 05);在房间大小评价方面,增加面积与原案的评价并未见显著差异(P>0. 05),但减少面积的空间评价则显著低于原案(P <0. 01)。在墙壁色彩评价方面,原案的米色与粉色和蓝色并未见显著差异。结论采用虚拟房间的图形评价和实体房间的实证评价相结合的研究方法,可以对影响半封闭居室适居性进行评价,为优化半封闭居室提出参考建议。
Objective To evaluate the habitability of a semiclosed living room for the purpose of its optimization.Methods To evaluate the habitability of a semiclosed living room and its layout,facilities by virtual experiment,the full-scale experiment and semantic differential method（SD）. Results Five designs were chosen in virtual experiment. For the layout evaluation,the fifth design was best evaluated. For the room facilities evaluation,the original design got the highest score. For the height of bunk evaluation,the upper bunk got a worse evaluation than the lower bunk（P〈0. 01）. For the evaluation of TV watching position,sitting on the upper bunk got the worst evaluation（P〈0. 01）,compare with the other three positions. For the evaluation of sink height,there was no significant difference between the original height and the increasing height or the decreasing height（P〈0. 05）. For the evaluation of desk height,there was no significant difference between the original height and the increasing height（P〈0. 05）; For the room size evaluation,there was no significant difference between the original size and the increasing size（P〈0. 05）.However,there was significant difference between the original size and the decreasing size（P〈0. 01）. For the evaluation of wall colors,there was no significant difference between the original color and blue color or pink color. Conclusion By combination of virtual and full-scale evaluation,the affecting factors of the living room habitability could be fully evaluated. This research will provide good suggestion for optimizing the living room.
作者
王庆敏
王伟
李科华
沈俊
余亮
时粉周
WANG Qin-min;WANG Wei;LI Ke-hua;SHEN Jun;YU Liang;SHI Fen-zhou(Department of Aviation Medicine,Naval Medical Research Institute,Second Military Medical University Shanghai 200433,China;Soochow University,Su zhou 215000,China)
出处
《人类工效学》
2018年第5期36-40,共5页
Chinese Journal of Ergonomics
基金
军内科研项目(13A501)
关键词
工效学
适居性
语义差异方法
装修工程
足尺空间实验
环境工程
评价
ergonomics
habitability
semantic differential method
semiclosed living rooms
decoration engineering
full - scale experiment engineering
enviroment engineering
evaluation
