摘要
支配中国社会千余年的"天理"世界观在清代中后期的瓦解,与嘉道年间读书人在经学框架下重新思考"理势"的问题密切相关。无论是今文经学、理学抑或经世之学,都在试图重新回答何为"理"与"势"以及如何重新诠释"理势"关系的思想命题。从庄存与到张之洞,他们对于"理势"与"体用"问题的理解和实践,拓展了朝野各界因应时势的理论视野,也形塑了当日读书人世界观转型的历史进程。在传统经学的思想范畴中,"理之是非"的刚性价值原则,开始在"势之利害"的现实主义和世俗逻辑面前败退。读书人以更具权变和实用性的思路,消解传统儒家德性与现实制度实践的价值关联。正是基于对"理势"关系及其诠释策略的内在调整,清代中后期的多元思想"内变",既是对传统"天理"世界观修正与扬弃、推陈而出新的过程,也由此埋下19世纪90年代至20世纪初期中国社会转型的历史伏笔。
The Chinese worldview that was based on the concept of Heavenly Principle and ideologically predominant for more than one thousand year collapsed in the mid-and late Qing.Variegated Qing scholar-officials'intellectual reconstruction of the principle-power relation contributed to this change.Leading scholars and thinker-politicians inspiringly extended the theoretico-practical dimension of principle and power,as well as shaping the worldview of educated people.The inflexible principle was gradually replaced with the pragmatic logos.In other words,the Confucian value and its institutional epitomes were melting into expediency and pragmatism.It thus might be said that the ingrowth intellectual pluralism of the day was actually a mission creatively remolding the traditional Chinese worldview.Therein lay a catalyst for the social transformation in next decades.
出处
《史林》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第5期83-96,220,共14页
Historical Review
基金
国家社科基金项目"清末民初天理世界观的瓦解与公理世界观的形塑研究"(15BZS085)
湖南省教育厅科研优秀青年项目"清末民初世界观转型研究"(15B144)阶段性成果
