摘要
目的了解2016—2017学年北京市房山区中小学学生伤害流行状况和主要原因,探讨伤害发生的影响因素,为制定相关干预措施提供依据。方法采用分层整群抽样方法抽取北京市房山区小学、初中及高中各2所学校1 196名学生进行问卷调查,回顾过去1学年伤害发生情况,分析其影响因素。结果 2016—2017学年北京市房山区中小学学生人次伤害发生率为11.87%。男女生人次伤害发生率分别为13.55%和10.66%,差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0.19,P>0.05)。小学伤害率比初中和高中高,3个学段伤害发生率比较差异有统计学意义(χ~2=17.24,P<0.05)。各年龄组间的伤害发生率比较差异无统计学意义(χ~2=66.15,P>0.05)。前3位的伤害类型分别为跌倒/跌落、刀/锐器伤、打击/与人或钝物撞击敲击伤,发生率分别为6.44%、1.42%和1.00%;7—8月暑假期间是学生受伤害的高峰期。校外发生率明显高于校内,分别为8.11%和3.76%(χ~2=20.24,P<0.01)。校外发生伤害地点主要在家中,发生率为3.85%。多因素logistic回归分析显示,危险因素是小学六年级、长期和(外)祖父母居住(OR值分别为3.814和1.701,均P<0.05)。结论应强化学校、家庭对学生安全技能及伤害防范的教育和提醒,构建学生伤害三级预防工作体系,为儿童青少年提供安全、健康的社会、家庭和校园环境,有效减少学生意外伤害的发生。
[Objective]To understand the epidemic status and reasons of injuries among primary and middle school students in Fangshan District of Beijing from 2016-2017,explore the influencing factors of injuries,and provide the basis for the formulation of relevant intervention measures. [Methods] The stratified cluster sampling was adopted to extract 1 196 students of two primary schools,two junior high schools and two senior high schools in Fangshan District. The injuries in the past one year among the students were retrospectively analyzed and the influencing factors were explored. [Results] The incidence rate of injury was11.87% among primary and middle school students in Fangshan District of Beijing from 2016-2017. The incidence rate of male students and female students was 13.55% and 10.66% respectively,and the difference was not statistically significant（χ^2=0.19,P〉0.05）. The injury rate in primary school was higher than that in junior high school and senior high school,and the difference in the incidence of injury among three school periods was statistically significavit（χ^2=17.24,P〈0.05）. There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of injury among different age groups（χ^2=66.15,P〉0.05）. The top three types of injuries were falling,knife/sharp wound,strike/personal or blunt impact percussion,and the incidence rate was 6.44%,1.42% and 1.00%,respectively. The summer vacation（July to August） was the peak period of student injury. The out-of-school incidence was significantly higher than in-school incidence,which was 8.11% and 3.76% respectively（χ^2=20.24,P〈0.01）. The injuries occurred outside the school mainly at home,with an incidence rate of 3.85%. Multiple factors logistic regression showed that the risk factors were primary 6 th grade and long-term residence with grandparents（OR=3.814,1.701,P〈0.05）.[Conclusion] Schools and families should strengthen the education and reminder of students＇ safety skills and injury prevention,construct a three-level injur
作者
孟毅
付晓博
马淑玲
臧晓凤
MENG Yi, FU Xiao-bo, MA Shu-ling, ZA NG Xiao-feng(School Health Department, Fangshan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102401, China)
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2018年第21期2980-2985,共6页
Occupation and Health
关键词
学生
伤害
发生率
影响因素
Students
Injury
Incidence
Influencing factors
