摘要
目的监测河南省范围内涉禽环境中禽流感病毒污染状况。方法2013-2017年每月从全省7个监测点采集涉禽环境标本，采用荧光RT-PCR法检测禽流感病毒A型（FluA）核酸，FluA核酸阳性标本进一步检测H5、H7和H9亚型禽流感病毒核酸。结果2013-2017年从全省7个监测点共采集外环境标本2538份，禽流感病毒FluA核酸阳性标本202份，阳性率为7．96％：H5核酸阳性标本16份，阳性率为0．63％；H7核酸阳性标本8份，阳性率为0．32％；H9阳性标本161份，阳性率为6．34％。连续5年，FluA的检出率除在2015年有小幅波动外，整体趋势是大幅上升的，其中H7亚型禽流感病毒仅在2015年和2017年有检出。2月份是一年当中禽流感病毒检出率最高的月份，其次是1月份。不同环境类型中，城乡活禽市场FluA的检出率最高，为13．69％，其次是家禽屠宰加工厂（2．58％）和家禽规模养殖户（0．58％）。不同标本类型中，脱毛机拭子、案板表面拭子、粪便标本和禽类饮用水的FluA检出率依次为28．57％、13．76％、5．70％和5．26％。结论河南省涉禽环境中存在H5／H7／H9亚型禽流感病毒的污染。且污染状况越来越复杂。逐渐复杂的活禽进货销售渠道是禽流感病毒污染严重化的主要原因。封锁疫情发生地区的禽，避免其销往外地将是禽流感防控的有效措施。
Objective To monitor the environmental contamination with avian influenza virus （AIV） in Henan Province. Methods Environmental samples were collected every month from seven moni- toring sites in Henan from 2013 to 2017. Real-time RT-PCR method was performed to detect the nucleic acid of influenza A （ Flu A）, HS, H7 and H9 viruses in poultry environmental samples. Results A total of 2 538 environmental samples were collected and 202 （7.96%） of them were positive for Flu A nucleic acid, including 16 positive for H5 （0.63%）, eight positive for H7 （0.32%） and 161 positive for H9 （6.34%）. The detection rate of Flu A increased dramatically from 2013 to 2017 except for a small fluctuation in 2015. However, H7 subtype AIV was detected only in 2015 and 2017. The highest detection rate of AIV was in February, followed by that in January. Among different environments, the highest detection rate of Flu A was in live poultry market, which was 13.69%, followed by that in poultry slaughtering plant （2.58%） and poultry farm （0.58%）. The detection rates of Flu A in swab samples of poultry plucker and cutting board, stool specimens and poultry drinking water were 28.57% , 13.76%, 5.70% and 5.26%, respectively. Conclusion Contamination of H5/HT/H9 AIV did exist in poultry environment in Henan and was getting worse. Increasingly diversified sources and sale channels were the main causes of serious contamination of AIV. In order to effectively prevent and control human infection with AIV, live poultry in areas where human infection with AIV was confirmed should be blocked and banned to be sold to others areas.
作者
马红霞
王若琳
聂逸飞
李懿
苏佳
许汴利
黄学勇
Ma Hong xia;Wang Ruolin;Nie Yifei;Li Yi;Su Jia;Xu Bianli;Huang Xueyong(Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microorganisms of Henan Province,Henan Center for Disease Control and Pre-vention,Zhengzhou 450016,China)
出处
《中华微生物学和免疫学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第10期721-724,共4页
Chinese Journal of Microbiology and Immunology
基金
河南省科技攻关项目（182102310235）
河南省卫生科技领军人才
河南省自然科学基金（182300410384）
