摘要
目的了解北京市怀柔区疑似预防接种异常反应(Adverse Events Following Immunization,AEFI)发生特征,评价现有AEFI监测系统运转情况,疫苗安全性及预防接种服务质量。方法通过"中国免疫规划信息管理系统"中AEFI监测系统,本文对2010—2017年北京市怀柔区报告的AEFI个案数据,采用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果 2010—2017年北京市怀柔区共报告AEFI病例263例,报告发生率为20.00/10万剂,其中一般反应180例,异常反应48例,偶合症34例,心因性反应1例;共涉及一类疫苗15种,报告发生率为21.42/10万剂,二类疫苗7种,报告发生率为13.96/10万剂,其中无细胞百白破疫苗报告例数(95例)最多,占总例数的36.12%;AEFI病例男性多于女性,男女性别比为1.31∶1,年龄集中在≤6岁儿童为主,占病例总数的83.27%;报告的AEFI病例一般反应中临床诊断以发热/红肿/硬结为主,发生率为12.63/10万剂;异常反应中临床诊断以过敏性皮疹为主,发生率为2.05/10万剂。结论北京市怀柔区近8年AEFI监测系统运转正常,监测敏感性尚有提高空间,不断完善疫苗管理和遴选制度,以避免严重异常反应的发生。
[Objective]To analyze the occurrence characteristics of Adverse Events Following Immunization（ AEFI） in Huairou District of Beijing, evaluate the operation situation of the AEFI monitoring system, vaccine safety and vaccination service quality.[Methods]Through the AEFI monitoring system in the China immunization planning information management system, the data of AEFI cases reported in Huairou District of Beijing from 2010-2017 were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method.[Results]A total of 263 cases of AEFI were reported in Huairou District during 2010-2017, the reported incidence rate was20.00/100 000 doses,including 180 cases of general reaction, 48 cases of abnormal reaction, 34 cases of coupling disease, and one case of psychogenic reaction. The AEFI cases involved 15 species of A-class vaccines and seven species of B-class vaccines,with the reported incidence rate of 21.42/100 000 doses and 13.96/100 000 doses respectively, and 95 cases reduced by DTa P,accounting for 36.12% of the total cases. The male cases were more than female cases, with the sex ratio of 1.3 1∶1. Most of cases were children below 6 years old, accounted for 83.27%. The fever/redness/induration were the main general reactions, with the incidence rate of 12.63/100 000 doses. The allergic skin rash was the main abnormal general reaction, with the incidence rate of 2.05/100 000 doses.[Conclusion] In recent eight years, the AEFI monitoring system in Huairou District of Beijing works normally, but there is room for improvement in monitoring sensitivity. It is necessary to constantly improve the vaccine management and selection system so as to avoid the occurrence of severe abnormal reactions.
作者
郭雪
魏志权
GUO Xue;WEI Zhi-quan(Immunology Prevention Department,Huairou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing,101400,China)
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2018年第19期2694-2698,共5页
Occupation and Health
关键词
预防疑似接种异常反应
预防接种
监测
Adverse events following immunization
Vaccination
Monitoring
