摘要
以全国最大的生态移民安置区—红寺堡区为例,以1995、2000、2005、2010和2015的遥感解译数据为基础数据源,借助RS与GIS技术,采用土地利用动态度、转移矩阵模型以及景观格局指数等方法对红寺堡移民安置区土地利用与景观格局变化进行研究。结果表明:研究期间红寺堡移民安置区土地利用类型面积发生显著变化,其中草地面积下降最明显;耕地、水域面积呈现出先增加后减少再增加的"N"型变化趋势;林地面积不断增加;建设用地在研究期间呈现出先减后增的"V"型变化趋势,且其变化幅度逐年增大;沙地和未利用地面积在研究始末变化不大,但研究期内波动变化较为显著。从土地利用转移矩阵来看,各个时期内红寺堡移民安置区各种土地利用有所差异,但总体看来,建设用地、林地以及耕地等面积的增加主要来源于草地。从景观格局指数来看,红寺堡移民安置区景观格局破碎化程度加深,景观多样性指数增加,景观稳定性度上升,斑块越来越离散化,复杂性增大。由此可看出红寺堡移民安置区景观格局总体变化趋势表现为景观破碎化程度不断加深,景观异质性下降,景观形状不断趋向于复杂化。
Taking the Hongsibu district,the largest ecological immigrant resettlement area in the country,as an example,the remote sensing interpretation data of 1995,2000,2005,2010 and 2015 were used as the basic data source,By using RS and GIS technologies,the land use dynamic degree and transfer matrix model were constructed,then the landscape pattern index and other methods were applied to study the land use and landscape pattern changes in Hongsibu resettlement area. The results show that the area of land use types in the Hongsibu resettlement area had undergone significant changes during the study period. The area of grassland decreased most obviously; the area of cultivated land and water area increased firstly and then decreased,and then increased; the area of forest land increased continuously. There was a ＂ V＂-type change trend for construction land that decreased firstly and then increased,and its change range increased year by year. Sandy land and unused land area fluctuated significantly during the study period. According to the land-use transfer matrix,there were differences in land use in the Hongsibu resettlement area during various periods,but overall,the increase in construction land,forest land,and cultivated land mainly came from grassland. From the perspective of the landscape pattern,the fragmentation of the landscape pattern in the Hongsibu resettlement area was serious,the landscape diversity index increased,the landscape stability increased,the patch became more and more discretized,and the complexity increased. It could be seen that the overall change in the landscape pattern of the Hongsibu resettlement area is manifested in the increase of landscape fragmentation and decline of landscape heterogeneity,and the landscape shapes tend to become more complex.
作者
王鹏
王亚娟
刘小鹏
温胜强
WANG Peng;WANG Yajuan;LIU Xiaopeng;WEN Shengqiang(School of Resources and Environment,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;Key Laboratory（China-Arab）of Resource Evaluation and Environmental Regulation of Arid Region in Ningxia,Yinchuan 750021,China)
出处
《干旱区资源与环境》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第12期69-74,共6页
Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41461039)资助
关键词
生态移民安置区
土地利用
景观格局
红寺堡区
ecological resettlement area
land use
landscape pattern
Hongsibu district
