摘要
为了挖掘龙眼优新种质资源,国家现代农业产业技术体系广西荔枝龙眼创新团队2013年进行龙眼种质资源调查,发现了1个实生变异单株桂丰早。通过对该单株的植物学特征、生长结果习性、物候期、果实主要经济性状、适应性及抗性等方面进行研究,并与龙眼主栽品种石硖和储良开展比较试验。结果表明,该单株表现特早熟,在同一果园相同栽培条件下成熟期比传统种植的主栽品种石硖早7～15 d,比储良早熟20～30 d,且高产优质、经济性状好。其平均单果重为11.26 g,比石硖重,果实大小均匀,果面颜色比石硖更鲜亮;果肉干苞、不流汁,平均单核重1.62 g,平均可食率为71.31%,可食率最高可达74.0%,可溶性固形物含量21.9%,最高可达25.0%。在广西龙州县1月下旬开始出现花序原基,抽穗期为2月中上旬,开花期为3月中旬—4月上旬,果实成熟期为6月底—7月初。因此该优良单株适宜在龙眼产区推广种植。桂丰早实生变异单株的发现和系统研究为特早熟龙眼品种的选育奠定良好的基础,对丰富龙眼种质资源、调整龙眼品种结构和延长龙眼产期供应具有重要的意义。
In order to excavate the excellent new longan germplasm resources, National Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System of Guangxi litchi longan innovation team conducted a survey on longan germplasm resources in 2013, and found a variation plant of seedlings Guifengzao. The botanical characteristics, habit of growth and setting fruit, phenology, major economic traits, adaptability and resistance of the plant were studied and compared with the main cultivars of Longan, such as Shixia and Chuliang . The results showed that Guifengzao was very early ripe with high yield and high quality.The mature period of Guifengzao was 7-15 d earlier than that of Shixia, and 20-30 d earlier than that of Chuliang under the same cuiltivation conditions. The average individual fruit weight was 11.26 g, which was larger than Shixia,with uniform size, and the color of the fruit surface was more bright than Shixia, the average mononuclear weight was 1.62 g, the average edible rate was 71.31% （the highest was 74.00% ）, and the soluble solids content was 21.9% （the maximum was 25%）. The inflorescence primordium appearing was in early January, the heading period was in early February, the flowering period was from mid-March to early April in Longzhou County. The most outstanding specialty of Guifeng Zao was very- early -maturity, it could be harvested from the end of June to early July , which was 7-15 d earlier than Shixia,and 20-30 d earlier than Chuliang. The excellent single plant was suitable to be planted in longan producing area. The discovery and systematic study of Guifengzao would lay a good foundation for the breeding of precocious longan variety, which was of great significance for enriching longan germplasm resources, adjusting the structure of longan variety and prolonging the supply of longan.
作者
王烨熔
徐炯志
潘介春
杨娟
邓英毅
罗聪
朱建华
卢美英
WANG Ye-rong;XU Jiong-zhi;PAN Jie-chun(Baise University,Baise,Guangxi 533000;College of Agronomy,Guangxi University,Nanning,Guangxi 530005)
出处
《安徽农业科学》
CAS
2018年第30期58-61,共4页
Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家现代农业产业技术体系广西荔枝龙眼创新团队(nycytxgxcxtd-02)
国家荔枝龙眼产业技术体系龙眼栽培岗位(CARS-33-10)
荔枝龙眼两减一增相关技术研究与应用(桂科AA17204097-9)
关键词
龙眼
特早熟
优良单株
选育
Longan
Very-early-maturity
Excellent plant
Breeding
