摘要
据现代化相关理论研究,日本在第一次现代化的末期开始家庭主妇化,进入第二次现代化后又开始急速地脱主妇化。这一过程与欧美国家的主妇化进程是一致的,但日本作为后发型、压缩型现代化国家,主妇化的变迁很大程度上受政府的课税制度和年金制度等影响,时间上也具有被压缩的特征。日本家庭主妇在第二次现代化中进入社会从事非正规就业,除为了规避家庭等相关开支增加带来的经济风险外,与日本典型的传统性别分工和第二次现代化中主妇的不完整个体化有关。针对家庭主妇在第二次现代化中个体化和性别身份的矛盾,政府需改革税制和年金制度,并加大育儿支援力度,同时还需企业采用更为灵活的雇佣体制。
According to the relevant theoretical research of modernization, Japan began to be a country where housewives are the mainstream in the end of the first modernization. After entering the second modernization, the mainstream of housewives began to vanish gradually. This process is the same as the process of housewives in European and American countries. However, as a post-developed, compressed modern country in Japan,the change of housewives is largely influenced by the government＇s taxation system and annuity system, and time also has compressed features. Japanese housewives enter the society for informal employment in the second modernization, in addition to evading the economic risks of family and other related expenses, and are related to the typical gender division of labor in Japan and the incomplete individualization of housewives in the second modernization. In response to the contradiction between individualized and gender identity of housewives in the second modernization, the government needs to make great improvements to the taxation system, annuity system and childcare support, and also requires enterprises to adopt a more flexible employment system.
出处
《中华女子学院学报》
2018年第5期87-96,共10页
Journal of China Women＇s University
基金
河北省社会科学发展研究课题"社会性别理论视角下日本女性的非正规就业研究"的阶段性成果
项目编号:201604010101
