摘要
目的了解常州市钟楼区制鞋企业接触苯系物作业女工的职业健康状况,为制定企业职业健康监护方案提供科学依据。方法对辖区内3家制鞋企业进行了苯系物监测,对307名接触苯系物的制鞋女工职业健康检查结果进行了分析。结果工作场所空气中苯超标率为66.7%,甲苯无超标,二甲苯超标率为33.3%。苯系物接触组女工白细胞下降检出率为7.8%,非接触组为2.8%,差异有统计学意义;白细胞、血红蛋白、红细胞、血小板4项指标任意一项下降以接触时间为5年~组检出率最高(23.8%),显著高于1年~组,差异有统计学意义。结论常州市钟楼区制鞋企业存在苯系物的危害较为严重,监管部门应加强监管力度,企业需加强职业卫生管理,改善工作环境,加强对职工的卫生知识培训和宣传教育,定期组织职业健康检查,保障工人身体健康。
Objective To understand the health state of femaleworkers exposed to benzene series in shoe-manufacturing enterprisesin Changzhou Zhonglou district and provide scientific basis for themaking of occupational health monitoring programme. MethodsConcentrations of benzene series in workplace air were measured in3 shoe-manufacturing enterprises, the physical examination resultsof 307 female workers exposed to benzene series in these enterpriseswere analyzed. Results Among the workplace air samples measured,66.7% exceed the limit of benzene, 33.3% surpass the limit ofdimethylbenzene. The detection rate of leukocyte decrease was 7.8% inbenzene group contact group and 2.8% in non-contact group（P 〉 0.05）.The female workers exposed to benzene series for 5 years and abovewitness the highest detection rate of decline for at least one of the fourindexes（23.8%）, namely WBC number, Hb number, RBC number andblood platelet number. The detection rate was higher than below 5 years,with statistically significant difference. Conclusion The health hazardsin shoes manufacturing enterprises in Changzhou zhonglou districtare severe. Regulators should enhance their supervision, enterprisesshould strenghen occupational health management, improve workingconditions, reinforce worker training and education on occupationalhygiene and organize physical examination on regular basis.
作者
丁益民
龚定杰
DING Yimin;GONG Dingjie(Department of Public Health,ChangzhouZhonglou District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Changzhou Jiangsu 213002,China)
出处
《中国卫生标准管理》
2018年第19期12-14,共3页
China Health Standard Management
关键词
制鞋女工
苯系物
血常规
职业病危害
职业健康检查
职业病危害因素检测
female shoe-making worker
Benzene series
blood test
occupational hazards
occupational health examination
occupational hazardfactor detection
