摘要
外泌体是体内几乎所有细胞分泌的、平均直径为40-100nm的含有脂质双层膜的转运小体，广泛分布于血液、脑脊液、唾液和尿液中。外泌体可将其携带的多种蛋白质、脂质和核酸等通过受体一配体结合、直接与细胞膜融合、胞饮等方式与邻近或远距离的靶细胞结合，参与调节人体多种生理和病理过程。越来越多的研究发现，外泌体在多种神经系统退行性疾病如帕金森病（Parkinson’Sdisease，PD）、亨廷顿舞蹈症（Huntington’sdisease，HD）、阿尔兹海默病（Alzheimer disease）和肌萎缩侧索硬化（amyotrophic lateral sclerosis，ALS）等的发病中扮演重要的角色。本文对外泌体与PD和ALS两种神经系统退行性疾病中的研究进展进行了综述。
Exosomes, as a kind of extracellular vesicles generated by inward budding of the endosomes to form multi-vesicular bodies （MVBs）, are secreted into the extracellular milieu and the systemic circulation thereafter. By endocytosis, direct fusion or receptor-ligand interactions, exosomes can interact with receptor cells and involve in various pathophysiological processes. Accumulating evidence have indicated that exosomes may play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of many neurodegenerative diseases including Parkinson＇ s disease （PD）, Huntington＇ s disease （HD）, Alzheimer disease （AD） and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis （ALS）. In this paper, the roles of exosomes in the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of PD and ALS are reviewed.
作者
顾孝静
陈永平
商慧芳
Cu Xiaojing , Chen Yongping , Shang Hui fang(Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, Chin)
出处
《中华医学遗传学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
2018年第5期757-761,共5页
Chinese Journal of Medical Genetics
关键词
帕金森病
肌萎缩脊髓侧索硬化
外泌体
Parkinson＇s disease
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Exosome
