摘要
行业上游度可以衡量各行业的分工地位,显性比较优势指数(RCA)可以衡量国际竞争力。利用世界投入产出表,测算全球44个主要经济体的行业上游度和显性比较优势,分析中国18个细分制造业的分工地位及国际竞争力,以探究中国制造业转型升级的方向。结果表明:根据中国制造业分工地位和国际竞争力的特征,可以将其划分为5个"淘汰行业"(木材加工、木、竹、藤、棕、草制品业,造纸及纸制品业,印刷及出版业,炼焦及石油业炼焦及石油业,家具制品及其他制造业);5个"基础行业"(化工产品制造业,橡胶及塑料制品业,其他非金属矿物制品业,基本金属制品业,机械设备除外的金属制品业);3个"战略行业"(医药制品业,计算机、电子及光学设备制造业,食品、饮料及烟草业)以及5个"黄金行业"(纺织、服装及皮革业,电气设备制造业,机械设备制造业,小汽车、拖车、半挂车制造业,其他运输设备制造业)。据此,提出相关对策建议:国家层面,明确各省市制造业定位,有的放矢地制定发展战略;省份层面,在各省市间搭建产业转移的桥梁,优化资源配置;行业层面,提高科技研发投入,为制造业注入创新基因。
The upstream level of industry measures the division of labor in different industries while the RCA measures international competitiveness. Using world input-output table,this paper calculates the industrial upstream degree and dominant comparative advantage of 44 major economies in the world,and analyzes the division status and international competitiveness of China＇s 18 subdivision manufacturing industries,to explore the direction of transformation and upgrading of China＇s manufacturing industry. The results show that,according to the characteristics of the division of labor and international competitiveness of China＇s manufacturing industry,it can be divided into 5 ＂elimination industries＂（ manufacture of wood and products of wood,bamboo,rattan,palm fiber and grass,manufacture of paper and paper products,printing and publishing industry,manufacture of coke and refined petroleum products,manufacture of furniture and other manufacturing）,5＂basic industries＂（ manufacture of chemicals and chemical products,manufacture of rubber and plastic products,manufacture of other non-metallic mineral products,manufacture of basic metals,manufacture of fabricated metal products except machinery and equipment）,3 ＂strategic industries＂（ manufacture of pharmaceutical products,manufacture of computer,electronic and optical products,and products of food,drink and tobacco）,and 5＂gold industries＂（ manufacture of textiles,apparel and leather products,manufacture of electrical equipment,manufacture of machinery and equipment,manufacture of motor vehicles,trailers and semi-trailers,manufacture of other transport equipment）. Accordingly,the position of manufacturing industry in various provinces and cities should be defined clearly and the development strategy should be made with a definite target at the national level,the bridge of industrial transfer between the provinces and cities should be set up and the allocation of resources should be optimized at the province level,and the investment in sci
作者
王三兴
董文静
WANG Sanxing;DONG Wenjing(School of Economics, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China)
出处
《南京财经大学学报》
2018年第4期44-52,共9页
Journal of Nanjing University of Finance and Economics
关键词
行业上游度
显性比较优势
制造业转型升级
分工地位
国际竞争力
industry upstream degree
revealed comparative advantage
transformation and upgrading of manufacturing
division of labor
international competitiveness
