摘要
快速城市化与土地利用变化导致区域生态系统服务供需失衡,进而使得生态环境恶化已成为共识。开展生态系统服务供需关系及其空间量化研究,有助于识别出区域中存在的主要生态环境问题及其关键驱动。以长江三角洲为研究区,基于土地利用与土地覆被和生态系统服务供给和需求评价矩阵的方法对1985—2015年长三角生态系统服务供需盈亏格局及热点变化进行分析,结果表明:1)长三角地区生态系统服务供给减少,需求增多,生态系统服务盈余区从1985年的40.9%下降至2015年的38.5%,生态系统服务赤字区面积占比从1985年的1.3%增长到2015年的10.6%,总体呈现供不应求的趋势; 2)沪宁杭城市发展梯度带上生态系统服务供需盈亏呈"V"型分布,且30年内城市中心及其附近的生态系统服务供需值下降更为明显; 3) 30年内长三角生态系统服务供需盈余热点区整体变化不大,30年内面积减少了0.1%;而赤字热点区则呈现出快速扩张趋势,面积占比30年内增加了14.9%。说明随着城市化进程的加快,长三角生态系统服务供需亏损状况更严重; 4)生态系统服务供需评价矩阵可以比较简便、全面的反映出生态系统服务供需盈亏状况,研究结果可对快速城市化地区生态环境与土地利用规划与管理提供有益参考。
The rapid urbanization and changes in land use can result in imbalance between ecosystem services supply and demand at the regional scale, which is the major cause of regional ecosystem degradation. Therefore, it becomes essential to conduct quantitative analyses of ecosystem services supply and demand to identify key environmental issues and their driving forces in a region. In this paper, we present a comprehensive analysis of ecosystem services supply and demand dynamics during 1985-2015 for the Yangtze River Delta region, by employing the ecosystem services supply-demand assessment matrix approach based on land use and land cover types in the region. Our results showed 1） decreasing ecosystem services supply, but increasing ecosystem services demand for the Yangtze River Delta region over the past three decades. The area of the ecosystem service oversupply region decreased from 40.9% in 1985 to 38.5% in 2015, while the area of the ecosystem service undersupply region increased from 1.3% to 10.6% during the same period. 2） The ecosystem services supply-demand index value showed a ＂V＂ distribution pattern along the urban-rural gradient transects across Shanghai-Nanjing-Hangzhou. Peri-urban areas experienced dramatic decreases in ecosystem services supply-demand index value during the past three decades. 3） The area of the ecosystem services supply-demand surplus hotspot regions remained stable （only decreased by 0.1% over the past three decades）, while the area of the ecosystem services supply-demand deficit hotspot regions increased dramatically by 14.9% during the same period. This indicates that the imbalance between ecosystem services supply and demand has become a critical issue for the rapidly urbanizing Yangtze River Delta region. 4） The ecosystem services supply-demand assessment matrix approach provides a simple and comprehensive way to quantify ecosystem services supply-demand dynamics of a region. The findings presented in this paper also provide new insights into regulating land use
作者
欧维新
王宏宁
陶宇
OU Weixin;WANG HongningI;TAO Yu(College of Land Management,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China;National ＆ Local Joint Engineering,Research Center for Rural Land Resources Use and Consolidation,Nanjing 210095,China)
出处
《生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第17期6337-6347,共11页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金
中央高校基本科研业务费青年基金项目(KJQN201847)
江苏省博士后科研资助计划(1701112C)
教育部高等学校学科创新111引智计划(B17024)
关键词
生态系统服务
供需关系
空间格局
长三角
土地利用与土地覆被
ecosystem services
supply and demand
spatial pattern
Yangtze River Deha
land use and land cover
