摘要
句法启动是指个体在产生和理解句子时,倾向于重复使用刚刚加工过的句法结构。本文梳理了句法启动研究在句法启动的实质(语义的还是句法的)、驱动机制(是词汇驱动的还是词汇独立的)、以及时间进程(激活、内隐学习还是双机制理论)等方面的最新进展,发现以下结论:语义对语言产生中的句法启动起着重要作用,但对语言理解中的句法启动作用不明显;语言产生中的句法启动不依赖于词汇重叠,而语言理解中的句法启动大部分是词汇驱动的;激活说能解释语言理解中的句法启动,内隐学习说能够解释相对持久的语言产生中的句法启动现象,双机制理论则可以揭示语言理解中相对持久的句法启动现象。同时指出,以汉语为材料以及通过优化研究设计、丰富研究方法手段等可以深化研究。
When people formulate or understand a sentence, they tend to repeat the underlying basic structures that they recently produced or experienced. It has been 30 years since syntactic priming is studied, and some progress on some important issues has been made. However, there is still a big debate on some core issues. Syntactic priming has been proved to be effective technique for the producing and understanding of language. Therefore, the mechanism of it has been the focus of research. The current paper reviews some of them such as the essence of syntactic priming which is semantic or syntactic, the mechanism whether lexically driven or lexically independent, and the time course of syntactic priming which supports activation account, implicit learning account or dual-mechanism account.Although some studies in comprehension argue that syntactic priming is not semantic, but purely syntactic, there are a number of studies on production confirm that syntactic priming is influenced by semantic content such as thematic roles and animacy. As for the mechanism of syntactic priming, whether it is lexically driven or lexically independent, each of the two aspects has evidence and sticks to its argument. However, it seems that syntactic priming in production is not affected by the verb overlap, which is lexically independent. But more and more studies on lexical boost in comprehension confirm that syntactic priming is driven lexically, especially with verb overlap between priming sentences and target ones, which demonstrates that when the priming and target sentences have the same verb, syntactic priming will increase. When the verbs are different, syntactic priming will not appear. The time course of syntactic priming, which is affected by the time delay or interference sentences, is controversial in the early stage of research. One view argues that syntactic priming is not affected by the time delay or the interference of sentences, and the amount of syntactic priming is not affected even when there are 10 interference sent
作者
孙颖
葛明贵
Sun Yin;Ge Minggui(School of Liberal Arts,Anhui Normal University,Wuhu,241003;School of Educational Science,Anhui Normal University,Wuhu,241000;School of Liberal Media and Educational Science,Chaohu University,Hefei,238000)
出处
《心理科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第4期822-827,共6页
Journal of Psychological Science
关键词
句法启动
句法启动的实质
驱动机制
词汇增益效应
时间进程
syntactic priming
the essence of syntactic priming
the driving mechanism
lexical boost
time course
