摘要
[目的]应用Meta回归分析方法对苯职业接触水平进行评估。[方法]检索中国期刊全文数据库、万方数据库和Pub Med数据库中1983年1月1日—2017年9月30日公开发表的有关我国工作场所职业性苯接触水平的相关文献,中文主题词为"苯""工作场所""浓度""暴露",英文检索词为"benzene""workplace""concentration""exposure",按照本研究制定的入选和剔除标准,筛选出118篇文献进行Meta回归分析。采用SAS 9.3软件,以线性混合效应模型构建回归方程进行回归推算,分析各行业苯职业接触水平的变化趋势。[结果]文献数据显示,1983—2014年我国各行业工作场所苯短时间接触浓度(C_(STEL))和苯时间加权平均浓度(C_(TWA))的中位数分别为6.26、1.87 mg/m3。苯C_(STEL)的中位数居前3位的行业分别为家具制造业,皮革、毛皮、羽毛及其制品与制鞋业(以下简称"皮革制鞋业")和通用设备制造业,分别为26.63、15.99、7.98 mg/m3。除1998年、2000年外,2000年之前苯C_(STEL)均高于10 mg/m3。1983—2014年皮革制鞋业、家具制造业、石油加工业、化工原料制造业和橡胶制品业的苯C_(STEL)以每年8%~31%的速度下降,石油加工业的苯C_(TWA)以每年46%的速度上升(P<0.05)。[结论]文献报道的我国皮革制造业、家具制造业、化工原料制造业和橡胶制品业的苯职业接触水平呈下降趋势。
[Objective] To evaluate occupational benzene exposure levels by meta regression analysis.[Methods] A bibliographic search of occupational benzene exposure in China was conducted across CNKI,Wan Fang,and Pub Med databases from January 1,1983 to September 30,2017.The keywords for searching were benzene,workplace,concentration,and exposure in both English and Chinese.Overall,118 articles were selected based on pre-determined inclusion and exclusion criteria.Linear mixed-effect meta regression models were developed to evaluate the trend of benzene exposure level in different sectors by SAS 9.3 software.[Results] Based on the published data,the overall median concentration of short-term exposure（C（STEL）） and time-weighted average（C（TWA）） of benzene in all industries from 1983 to 2014 were 6.26 mg/m3 and 1.87 mg/m3,respectively.The top three C（STEL） medians were in furniture（26.63 mg/m3）,leather,fur,feathers,and their products and shoes（leather and shoes thereafter）（15.99 mg/m3）,and general equipment（7.98 mg/m3） manufacturing sectors.All the concentrations were higher than 10 mg/m3 before 2000 except 1998 and 2000.There were declines of 8%-31% per year in C（STEL） in leather and shoes,furniture,petrochemical,chemicals,and rubber manufacturing sectors,as well as an increase of 46% per year in C（TWA） in petrochemical industry from 1983 to 2014（P0.05）.[Conclusion] The benzene exposure levels in leather and shoes,furniture,chemicals,and rubber manufacturing sectors show declining trends based on literature reports.
作者
温翠菊
李荣宗
徐海娟
刘明
苏世标
温贤忠
WEN Cui-ju;LI Rong-zong;XU Hai-juan;LIU Ming;SU Shi-biao;WEN Xian-zhong(Grassroots Instruction Department,Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Occupational Diseases Prevention Address correspondence to WEN Cui-ju,E-mail and Treatment,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510300,China）.)
出处
《环境与职业医学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第8期750-755,共6页
Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine
基金
国家自然科学基金(编号:81602804)
广东省医学科研基金(编号:B2016017)
关键词
Meta回归
职业接触评估
苯
线性混合效应模型
meta regression
occupational exposure assessment
benzene
linear mixed-effect model
