摘要
研究长期不同施肥黄泥田土壤真菌群落组成和功能特性,深入认识真菌对不同施肥的响应机理,可以为合理施肥和保证农田土壤健康发展提供科学依据.设置不施肥(CK)、单施无机肥(NPK)、无机肥配施农家肥(NPKM)、无机肥加秸秆还田(NPKS)4个处理,采用Illumina高通量测序和FUNGuild对不同施肥处理下黄泥田土壤真菌群落结构和功能群进行分析.结果表明:从门水平上看,土壤真菌群落主要由子囊菌、担子菌和接合菌构成,且以子囊菌为主(47%~74%).NPKM和NPKS处理中子囊菌的相对丰度分别为49%和47%,显著低于CK(71%)和NPK(74%)处理,从目水平上看,减少的主要为肉座菌、格孢腔菌和散囊菌.NPKM和NPKS处理担子菌相对丰度分别为18%和28%,高于CK(14%)和NPK(10%)处理,从目水平上看,增加的主要为银耳菌、糙孢伏革菌和伞菌.与CK相比,单施无机肥降低了担子菌含量.不同施肥处理均在一定程度上增加了接合菌门的丰度,从目水平看,以内囊霉菌和粪蛙霉菌为主.NPK处理真菌α多样性指数显著低于其他处理,NPKM和NPKS处理的丰富度指数(Chao1和ACE)高于CK和NPK处理.不同处理之间真菌的营养类型以腐生营养型为主(48%~57%),NPKM和NPKS处理的共生营养型真菌相对丰度为17%,显著高于CK和NPK处理,增加的以丛枝菌根真菌、外生菌根真菌为主.NPK处理动物病原菌含量(10%)显著高于其他处理.冗余分析(RDA)结果表明,土壤含水量、孔隙度和盐度是影响真菌群落结构和功能类群组成的主要因子,其次为有机质和总氮.长期单施无机肥降低真菌种群多样性,增加致病菌含量,不利于土壤健康,而有机无机肥配施可在一定程度上提高真菌种群丰富度指数和共生真菌比例,有利于保持黄泥田稻田土壤健康的生态环境和真菌群落的多样性.
We investigated the responses and underlying mechanisms of community composition,and function group of fungi in yellow clayey paddy soil to different long-term fertilization,which may provide scientific basis for rational fertilization and sustainable development in agriculture ecosystems. There were four treatments,including control（ CK）,inorganic fertilizer（ NPK）,inorganic fertilizer combined with manure（ NPKM）,and inorganic fertilizer combined with straw（ NPKS）.Illumina high-throughput sequencing and FUNGuild were performed to investigate the fungal community structure and functional group,respectively. Ascomycota,Basidiomycota,and Zygomycota were identified as the three dominant ones. The proportion of Ascomycota in NPKM and NPKS were significantly lower（ 49% and 47%,respectively） compared with CK（ 71%） and NPK（ 74%）treatments,with the main reduced orders of Hypocreales,Pleosporales and Eurotiales. While there was higher relative abundance of Basidiomycota in NPKM and NPKS（ 18% and 28%） compared to CK（ 14%） and NPK（ 10%）,the orders with enhancement were Tremellales,Trechisporales,and Agaricales. The ratio of Basidiomycota was decreased with sole inorganic fertilizer. Moreover,the relative abundance of Zygomycota was increased after 33 years of fertilization,which was dominated by Mortierellales and Basidiobolales at order level. Diversity indices including Shannon,Simpson,Chao1 and ACE were all significantly declined in NPK compared with CK,NPKM and NPKS treatments,whereas Chao1 index and ACE index in NPKM and NPKS were higher than that in CK and NPK. Saprotroph was the main fungal functional group across all the four treatments（ 48%-57%）.Higher proportion of symbiotroph fungi was identified in soils with NPKS and NPKM（ 17%） in comparison to CK and NPK. The main guilds with the increasing proportion were arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and ectomycorrhizal fungi. However,significantly higher proportion of animal pathogen fungi were detected in NPK（ 10%） than oth
作者
聂三安
王祎
雷秀美
赵丽霞
林瑞余
王飞
邢世和
NIE San-an;WANG Yi;LEI Xiu-mei;ZHAO Li-xia;LIN Rui-yu;WANG Fei;XING Shi-he(College of Resources and Environment,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China;College of Life Sciences,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China;Soil and Fertilizer Institute,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Fuzhou 350003,China）.)
出处
《应用生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第8期2721-2729,共9页
Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41671490
4170010194)
福建省自然科学基金项目(2017J0101612)
福建农林大学国际合作项目(KXB16016A)资助~~
