摘要
【目的】为了解施用不同梯度氮磷钾推荐用量下对烟田土壤细菌群落的物种多样性的影响。【方法】从云南省澄江县烟区采集不同推荐施肥用量处理中的土壤样品,提取土壤总DNA并利用16S rRNA高通量测序技术及生物信息学分析法进行统计分析。【结果】在烟田中不同施肥处理条件下土壤细菌域有7个优势种群,依次为变形菌门(Proteobacteria),酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria),放线菌门(Actinobacteria),拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes),芽单胞菌门(Gemmatimonadetes),绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi),厚壁菌门(Firmicutes),这些优势群落占所有有效序列的90%以上。相对于不同氮、钾梯度施用量,不同磷梯度的养分用量对烟田土壤细菌群落的多样性具有显著影响。在磷施用量为67.5 kg/hm^(2)处理条件下,土壤微生物3个α多样性指数最低即OUT=1494(P=0.067),Shannon=5.98(P=0.016)和Simpson=0.9891(P=0.043)。通过不同养分互作条件下优势种群变形菌门α多样性的比较发现,在N=90 kg/hm^(2)的处理中,磷钾不同养分梯度组合可显著改变土壤优势种群变形菌门的多样性,其中当磷的施用量为45 kg/hm^(2),钾的施用量为405 kg/hm^(2)时,变形菌门的Shannon指数和Simpson指数最低,分别为4.640(P=0.049)和0.967(P=0.053),其中当磷的施用量为22.5 kg/hm^(2),钾的施用量为270 kg/hm^(2)时,变形菌门的Shannon指数和Simpson指数最高,分别为4.87(P=0.049)和0.976(P=0.053)。在P=45 kg/hm^(2)的处理中,不同氮、钾组合梯度下,未发现显著改变土壤优势种群变形菌门的α多样性指数的效应,但是当氮和钾(N_(2)K_(3))施用量分别为90和405 kg/hm^(2)时,变形菌门的Shannon指数和Simpson指数分别为4.640(P=0.370)和0.967(P=0.444),相对低于其他处理组。【结论】不同施肥制度能够通过改变土壤性质影响土壤微生物群落的结构和功能特征。
【Objective】The objective of this study was to understand the effects of different gradient recommended amounts of N, P, and K on the species diversity of soil bacterial communities in tobacco fields. 【Method】Soil samples with different recommended fertilizer application treatments were collected from the tobacco area of Chengjiang county, Yunnan province. Total soil DNA was extracted and sequenced using 16 S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology, and was analyzed using bioinformatics methods. 【Result】There were 7 dominant bacterial populations in soils under different fertilization conditions in tobacco fields, in the order of Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Gemmatimonadetes, Chloroflexi, and Firmicutes. These dominant groups accounted for more than 90% of all effective sequences. Compared with different gradient nitrogen and potassium application amounts, different gradient phosphorus application amounts had a significant effect on the diversity of the soil bacterial community in tobacco fields. The lowest three α-diversity indices of soil microorganisms were observed under the treatment of 67.5 kg/hm;phosphorus application amount, i.e. OTU number was 1494(P=0.067), Shannon index was 5.98(P=0.016), and Simpson index was 0.9891(P=0.043). By comparing the α-diversity of the dominant Proteobacteria under different nutrient interaction conditions, it was found that the combination of different nutrient gradients of P and K significantly altered the α-diversity of the dominant Proteobacteria when N was 90 kg/hm^(2). Among them, the lowest Shannon and Simpson indices were found with 4.640(P=0.049) and 0.967(P=0.053) when the application rate of P was 45 kg/hm^(2) and K was 405 kg/hm^(2), respectively. Whereas, the highest Shannon and Simpson indices were 4.87(P=0.049) and 0.976(P=0.053) when the application amount of P was 22.5 kg/hm;and K was 270 kg/hm^(2) respectively. In the treatment with P=45 kg/hm^(2), no significant effect was found on changing the α-diversity
作者
王志远
阮彦楠
王伟
陈检锋
赵文军
陈华
付利波
WANG Zhi-yuan;RUAN Yan-nan;WANG Wei;CHEN Jian-feng;ZHAO Wen-jun;CHEN Hua;FU Li-bo(Institute of Agricultural Environment and Resource,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kunming 650205,China;Kunming University,Kunming 650205,China;Raw Materials Department,Hongta Tobacco(Group)Co.,Ltd.,Yuxi,Yunnan 653100,China)
出处
《西南农业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第4期764-771,共8页
Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金(32160760)
国家重点研发基金项目(2021YFD1700204-06)
红塔集团基金项目(2019YL07)
国家绿肥产业技术体系基金项目(CARS22-Z14)
关键词
植烟土壤
氮磷钾
细菌群落
微生物多样性
Tobacco planting soil
NPK
Bacterial community
Microbial diversity
