摘要
采用3个羊肚菌播期和4种覆盖物越冬,通过营养生长期、子实体农艺性状和环境条件的试验观测结果,北京地区平原和山区羊肚菌适宜的播期为10月上中旬和9月中下旬。平原露地11月20日至2月10日日均地温变化范围-4~5℃,3月上旬地温回升到10℃左右,4月中旬羊肚菌子实体采收,品种六妹折合亩产(1亩≈667m2,下同)达100 kg。但山区11月20日至3月10日地温均在0℃以下,最低为-9.8℃,3月回升缓慢,5月中旬出菇,产量极低。羊肚菌越冬适宜的覆盖物为塑料棚膜加遮阳网,其保温保湿效果好,折合亩产达130 kg。
In order to select the suitable spawning date and covering material for the Morchella cultivated out door during the winter in Beijing Area, 3 different spaowning date and 4 kinds of covering materials were used in this experiment. The conditions of the environment, the vegetative growth and agronomic characters of the Morchella were measured during the cultivation period. The results showed the the suitable spawning date for Morchella cultivated out door during the winter in plain area and mountain area in Beijing was respectively mid-October and late-September. In plain area, the average ground temperature out door from November 20th to February 10th was -4-5 ℃. In early-Marth, the ground temperature retumed to about 10 ℃. In mid-April, the fluit bodies of Morchella were harvested. The equivalent yeilds of the Morchella cultivar＇six sister＇ were 100kg per 666.7 m2. But in mountain area, the average ground temperature out door from November 20th to March 10th were all below 0 ℃ and the lowest temperature reached to -9.8 ℃. The ground temperature raised slower in March. The fruit bodies of Morchella were harvested in mid-May and the yeilds were very low. The most suitable covering material for Morchella cultivated out door during the winter was plastic film add sunshade net. It can keep the best preservation of heat and moisture. The equivalent yeilds were up to 130 kg per 666.7 m2.
作者
果禹鑫
尹玉婷
纪鑫梦
程继鸿
张国庆
陈青君
Guo Yuxin;Yin Yuting;Ji Xinmeng;Cheng Jihong;Zhang Guoqing;Chen Qingjun(College of Plant Science and Technology,Beijing University of Agriculture,Beijing 102206,China)
出处
《食药用菌》
2018年第4期245-250,共6页
Edible and Medicinal Mushrooms
基金
2017年北京市农委项目(PXM2017-036204-000011)"羊肚菌
牛肝菌等珍稀菇优质安全栽培试验与示范"
关键词
羊肚菌
播期
越冬覆盖物
温度
产量
Morchella
spawning date
overwinter
covering materia
temperature
