摘要
延迟脐带结扎是指新生儿出生后延迟1~3分钟、等脐带停止搏动后再断脐。国内外大量研究表明,延迟脐带结扎可以提高新生儿出生时的铁储备,降低婴儿期发生缺铁性贫血的风险。延迟脐带结扎还可以降低早产儿发生低血压、脑室内出血、迟发性败血症等的风险。延迟脐带结扎不会增加产妇发生产后出血的概率,也不会导致第三产程延长。因此,世界卫生组织建议将延迟脐带结扎作为改善母婴营养和健康结局的适宜技术进行推广。我国自2016年起引入世界卫生组织新生儿早期基本保健技术,并制定了中国临床实施建议。该指南的核心干预措施包括规范的产前母胎监测与处理、新生儿出生后立即和彻底的擦干、母婴持续皮肤接触至完成第一次母乳喂养、延迟脐带结扎、早产儿袋鼠式护理、新生儿复苏技术等。这些干预措施作为操作简单、经济高效的适宜技术已被纳入我国的《健康儿童行动计划(2018-2020)》,将在全国逐步推广和普及。
Delayed umbilical cord clamping means clamping the umbilical cord 1-3 minutes after the birth or when the umbilical cord pulsation has ceased. More evidence based researches have shown delayed cord clamping provides adequate blood volume and birth iron stores,thus decreases the risk of iron deficiency anemia during infant period. Delayed cord clamping can also decrease risk of intraventricular haemorrhage,necrotizing enterocolitis and late-onset sepsis among preterm babies. Delayed cord clamping has no effect on maternal bleeding or length of the third stage of labour. The World Health Organization（WHO） recommends delayed umbilical cord clamping as an effective public health intervention for improved maternal and infant health and nutrition outcomes. Since2016,China has introduced from WHO and developed the Chinese version of guideline on Early Essential Newborn Care（EENC）. The key recommended interventions of EENC include appropriate perinatal monitoring of the pregnancy women and fetus,immediate and thoroughly drying of the newborn,continuous and prolonged skin-to-skin contact of the mother and newborn,delayed cord clamping,kangaroo mother care,and resuscitation. These simple and cost-effective interventions have been included in the newly issued Healthy Children Action Plan（2018-2020） and will be scaled up nationwide in the future.
作者
徐韬
XU Tao(The National Center for Women＇s and Children＇s Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100081, China)
出处
《中国妇幼卫生杂志》
2018年第4期1-4,共4页
Chinese Journal of Women and Children Health
关键词
延迟脐带结扎
新生儿早期保健
指南
适宜技术
delayed umbilical cord clamping
early essential newborn care （EENC）
guideline
effective public health intervention
