摘要
嵌合体研究经历了从兽-兽嵌合体、人-兽嵌合体到涉及人类神经系统的人兽嵌合体的发展历程,在伦理上引起了广泛争论。目前关注的核心问题是涉及人类神经系统的人兽嵌合体是否将侵犯人类尊严。支持涉及神经系统的人兽嵌合体研究的观点认为只有神经系统上的改变不会使人兽嵌合体形成完整的自我意识、不损害人类尊严。文章论证了并非只有完整的自我意识才具有人类尊严,最低程度的自我意识是具有人类尊严的基础,且自我意识产生于神经系统的组织结构中。因此涉及人类神经系统的人兽嵌合体可能产生最低程度的自我意识,对其进行实验就是侵犯了人类尊严。应该对人兽嵌合体实验进行合理规范,杜绝涉及人类神经系统的人兽嵌合体出现。
Chimera research has experienced the development from animal-animal chimeras, to humannonhuman chimeras and to human-nonhuman chimeras involving the human nervous system, which has caused extensive controversies in ethics. At present, the core issue of concern is whether human-nonhuman chimeras involving the human nervous system is a violation of human dignity. In terms of supporting research on humannonhuman chimeras involving the nervous system, it is believed that only changes in the nervous system will not result in formation of complete self-consciousness or impair human dignity. This paper demonstrates that apart from complete self-consciousness, which gives rise to human dignity, the lowest level of self-consciousness is the basis of human dignity, and self-consciousness comes from the organizational structure of the nervous system. Therefore, human-nonhuman chimeras involving the human nervous system may produce the lowest level of self-consciousness, and experiments on it are a violation of human dignity. Therefore human-nonhuman chimera experiments should be reasonably standardized, so as to prevent the appearance of human-nonhuman chimeras involving the human nervous system.
作者
张挪
ZHANG Nuo(School of Humanities,University of Chinese Academy of Science,Beijing,100049)
出处
《自然辩证法通讯》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第8期15-20,共6页
Journal of Dialectics of Nature
关键词
人兽嵌合体
人类尊严
自我意识
神经系统
Human-nonhuman Chimeras
Human Dignity
Self-consciousness
Nervous system
