摘要
纳米材料已广泛地应用于人们的日常消费品中,其生物安全性也随之成为关注的热点。以家蚕5龄幼虫作为实验动物,分别将不同浓度纳米氧化锌水悬浊液由幼虫腹部注射入蚕体,研究其对家蚕的急性毒性。测定纳米氧化锌对家蚕5龄幼虫48 h的致死中量（LD_（50））为737.31μg/头,参照全球化学品统一分类和标签制度（GHS）的分级标准,其毒性等级为3级。观察家蚕3龄幼虫染毒后12 h即出现了抽搐、表皮皱缩、禁食等中毒症状。调查统计染毒后12 h起幼虫的体质量极显著低于对照组。组织病理学观察染毒后48 h幼虫中肠、丝腺、脂肪体、气管等组织的细胞均出现不同程度损伤甚至破裂。其中,中肠上皮细胞受损,围食膜出现大量破损;丝腺细胞空隙基本消失,腺腔内容物极少;脂肪体细胞连接松散;气管管壁细胞基本脱离、消失,螺旋丝发生了融合解聚。试验结果表明,纳米氧化锌可在一定程度上抑制家蚕的生长和消化,并对家蚕的组织细胞产生较明显的不良影响。试验结果可为家蚕作为特殊模式动物研究纳米材料的急性毒性提供试验方法参考。
Nanomaterials have been widely used in daily consumer products,hence their biosafety to human is drawing people＇s attention. In order to study the acute toxicity of nanomaterials to silkworm（ Bombyx mori）,silkworm larvae from the 5 th instar were injected with water suspensions of zinc oxide nanoparticles（ Zn O NPs） at different concentrations through abdominal injection. The median lethal dose（ LD_（50）） of Zn O NPs to Bombyx mori was 737. 31 μg per larva for 48 h exposure. This was defined as the 3 rd level toxicity according to the GHS（ Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals） standard. Toxication symptoms of convulsions,skin crinkling,fasting of the 3 rd instar silkworm larvae were observed after 12 h exposure to Zn O NPs. Body weight after 12 h exposure was extremely significantly lower than that of the control group. Histopathological observation found that cells were destroyed for different degrees in midgut,silk gland,fat body and trachea of silkworm larvae after 12 h exposure. The midgut epithelium and peritrophic membrane were damaged greatly; silk gland cell gap disappeared and less contents appeared in glandular cavity; fat body cells were connected loosely; almost all tracheal wall cells detached and disappeared; helical filaments converged and depolymerized.These results showed that Zn O NPs could inhibit the growth and digestion of silkworm to a certain extent,and had a great adverse influence on the tissues and cells of silkworm.The results provide a feasible reference for the study of the toxicity of nanomaterials to animals using silkworm as model.
作者
徐媛媛
王文蓉
刘泽玉
张东阳
李龙
武国华
Xu Yuanyuan;Wang Wenrong;Liu Zeyu;Zhang Dongyang;Li Long;Wu Guohua(College of Biotechnology,Jiangsu University of Science and Technology,Zhenjiang Jiangsu 212018,China;Labora- tory of Quality ＆ Safety Risk Assessment for Sericultural Products and Edible Insects,Ministry of Agriculture,Jiangsu Uni- versity of Science and Technology,Zhenjiang Jiangsu 212018,China)
出处
《蚕业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第3期404-412,共9页
ACTA SERICOLOGICA SINICA
基金
江苏省特聘教授专项基金项目(No.苏教师[2015]17)
农业部蚕桑产品质量安全风险评估项目(No.GJFP2017010-03)
关键词
纳米氧化锌
家蚕
急性毒性
组织病理学
ZnO nanoparticles
Bombyx mori
Acute toxicity
Histopathology
