摘要
为了研究筒仓散装粮堆的边界压力和仓壁摩擦力的分布规律,研制了模型筒仓试验装置,基于仓体的微缝分离设计,实现各分离仓体受力的独立测量。以小麦为例,通过实测,发现不同装粮高度下,粮堆底部压力沿径向呈现不均匀分布特征,其不均匀分布程度随装粮高度逐渐增加;当装粮高度大于筒仓直径后,仓壁侧压力开始逐渐小于Janssen公式计算结果;而仓壁摩擦力在整个粮堆深度范围内均小于Janssen公式计算结果。试验表明,仓壁实测摩擦力与侧压力之比小于小麦与仓壁的摩擦系数,且随粮堆深度的增加不断变化,表明静态储粮下储料与仓壁边界之间尚未达到极限平衡状态;侧压力系数接近主动态,且小于主动土压力系数。研究结果可为散体物料压力理论提供参考。
The authors participated in the design of the silo model test facility, which can be used to measure the storage force of the grain heap, such as the bottom pressure, the side wall pressure and the friction force of the bulk grain heap. The self-designed silo model was 480 mm in diameter and 2 102 mm high. The silo wall, constructed of organic glass, was composed of 3 separate parts. There is a 1-mm thick gap between each part of the walls to prevent the outflow of grain. The 3 parts of the wall were named Top Wall（l 000 mm high, fixed on the steel frame）, Middle Wall（100 mm high） and Upper Wall（1 000 mm high）. The silo bottom, which can be raised and lowered, was divided into 4 parts（1 concentric circle and 3 concentric rings）. The Top Wall, the Middle Wall and each parts of silo bottom were supported on three force sensors to measure the wall friction as well as the vertical pressure on the floor. Three earth pressure cells were embedded in the middle line of the Middle Wall to measure the wall lateral pressure. Two experimental schemes were carried out. No.1 scheme is that： Fill the silo model with wheat to a height of 100 mm at each time until the height of the wheat reached 1 000 mm. Record the data obtained from each of the force sensors supported under each part of the silo bottom as well as the force sensors supported under the Upper Wall of each grain height. This scheme is designed to measure the radial distribution of bottom pressure under different grain heights. The No.2 scheme is that： Fill the silo model with wheat to a height of 1 000 mm and then raise the flat bottom to the lower edge of the Middle Wall. Drop the bottom by 50 mm at each time. Meanwhile, record the data obtained from the earth pressure cells embedded in the Middle Wall and the data obtained from the force sensors supported under the Middle Wall at difficult depths of wheat. The distribution of the storage force at the boundary was measured in the experiment. The rationality of the model test data is verified by
作者
韩阳
李东桥
陈家豪
静行
段君峰
Han Yang;Li Dongqiao;Chen Jiahao;Jing Hang;Duan Junfeng(School of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Henan University of Technology,Zheng Zhou 450001,China)
出处
《农业工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第13期296-302,共7页
Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金(51608176)
关键词
筒仓
试验
压力
侧压力
竖向压力
摩擦力
silo
experiment
pressure
lateral pressure
vertical pressure
friction
