摘要
花粉是空气气溶胶中的重要组成部分,其含量、组成与浓度的变化情况受不同地理位置和气候状况的影响而有所差异,同时影响着人们的身体健康。本文基于国内外大气花粉研究现状,总结了采集方式、变化状况和与气象要素的关系等几个方面的研究,展望了未来研究方向。在大气花粉的采集方面,目前主要通过特定仪器利用空气的流动性来进行收集。大气花粉浓度的变化状况方面,我们发现大多数研究中,花粉在一年中有两个峰值,而少数研究中呈单峰型或三峰型;一般情况下,春夏季的花粉浓度较高且多为木本植物花粉,秋季多为草本植物花粉,冬季花粉浓度较低;在我国,从南到北,花粉浓度高峰期的时间逐渐推迟。花粉的浓度变化与温度、湿度、降水、风速等气象要素有关,但根据研究区域不同,得出的结论也有所差异。在大气花粉的实际应用方面,目前可以根据已有的花粉数据结合数学模型进行预测预报,而结合气候模型还可以模拟出未来百年的植物状况。未来可以进行大气花粉高分辨率、长尺度的研究,并将大气花粉的变化与季风结合,将大气花粉的运动轨迹和花粉来源应用到古气候定量化重建模型中,提高重建的精准度。
As an important component of aerosol in the air, the concentration, composition and variation of the pollen are influenced by the geographical location and climate conditions. Meanwhile, the allergies caused by the pollen affect human health. Base on the research status of the airborne pollen, this paper summarize the studies about the traps and variation of the airborne pollen and their relationship with meteorological elements to provide the basis for the fu- ture research. In terms of the traps, it currently takes advantage of the mobility of the air through the special instru ments to collect the pollen in the air. In terms of the concentration, we find that the concentration of the pollen has two peaks a year in most studies and has one or three peaks only in a few studies. Generally, the concentration of pol- len is high in spring and summer and the species of the pollen is mostly woody. The pollen is herbaceous in autumn and the concentration of pollen content is the lowest in winter. In China, the peak of the concentration delays from north to south. The variation of pollen content is related to the meteorological elements, such as temperature, humi dity, precipitation and wind speed. But the conclusions are different for the studied regions. In terms of the applica tion of the airborne pollen, it can be forecasted based on the data with mathematical model and the vegetation state in the future can be simulated with the climate model. After the review on the airborne pollen studies, the future re search will be in high resolution and long scale, and combined with the monsoon variation. The trajectory and the source of the airborne pollen can be applied to the quantitative palaeoclimate reconstruction model to improve the accu racy of reconstruction.
作者
张雨辰
马春梅
方伊曼
ZHANG Yuchen;MA Chunmei;FANG Yiman(Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210046,China;Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Climate Change,Nanjing 210046,China;Department of Geography,Environment and Earth Sciences,University of Hull,Hull,UK)
出处
《微体古生物学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第2期200-210,共11页
Acta Micropalaeontologica Sinica
基金
国家重点研发项目(2016YFA0600501)和国家自然科学基金(41671196)共同资助.
关键词
大气花粉
气象要素
变化规律
古气候定量重建
Airborne pollen
Meteorological elements
Variation
Quantitative palaeoelimate re-construction
