摘要
对中国东天山天池自2001年7月至2006年7月连续5 a收集的雪岭云杉大气花粉含量进行统计分析,结果表明:1)一年四季大气中都有雪岭云杉花粉,但花粉数量变化比较大,超过全年90%的大气花粉集中在5、6月份的花粉高峰期,之后花粉浓度逐渐下降,至翌年1月份浓度降至最低,2月开始花粉浓度有升高的趋势;2)5 a平均花粉浓度是42.66粒/m3,最高年是2005年,花粉浓度可达99.54粒/m3,,最低年2003年,仅为2.13粒/m3;3)雪岭云杉大气花粉高峰期出现在5月22至6月2日,高峰日出现在5月28至6月6日,结束日是在6月18至6月25日,平均持续时间为27 d。观测时段雪岭云杉大气花粉高峰期出现日、高峰日逐年提前,2006年出现日期比2002年提前了7 d、高峰日提前9 d,结束日期滞后,2006年比2002年滞后6 d,花粉高峰期持续时间逐年延长,2006年比2002年延长了12 d。分析显示,影响雪岭云杉大气花粉高峰期变化的主要因素是春季气温的升高;4)粗略估算每年新疆的雪岭云杉林带内由大气中降落到表土的花粉量达61 kg/hm2,新疆现有雪岭云杉52.84×104hm2,全年由大气降落到林带内表土的花粉多达3223 t,一部分降落到戈壁、荒漠以及沙漠等一些极端气候区的花粉为一些先锋种植物提供必要的营养物质,具有重要的生态意义。
During the last three decades, the climate has notably changed from warm-dry to warm-wet in most parts of Xinjiang. The climate scenario currently foreseen predicts a wanner and wetter climate across northwest China leading up to the year 2050. This predicted future increase in temperature and precipitation will probably affect both the flowering of plants and airborne pollen dispersal. In this study, airborne Picea schrenkiana （spruce） pollen grains were collected at the Tianchi Meteorological Station at 1980 m above sea level on the northern slope of the eastern Tianshan Mountains from July 2001 to July 2006. Our data show spruce pollen grains exist in the lower atmosphere year-round, with an annual average of 42.66 grains/m3 , ranging from 2.13 to 99.54 grains/m3 in 2003 and 2005, respectively. More than 90% of the spruce pollen grains were collected in May and June. The pollen concentration decreased gradually thereafter, reaching its lowest level in January, and then increased slowly starting in February. The increase in spruce pollen was probably related to the prevalence of windy weather in spring. Our observations also indicated spruce pollen concentration in the lower atmosphere reached its peak season from May 22 to June 2. The daily maximum occurred from May 28 to June 6 and ended on June 18--25 with an average duration of 27 days. During this five-year study, the pollen peak season started earlier and ended later each year. For example, it was 6 days earlier in 2006 than in 2002, with a daily maximum occurring 9 days earlier. In contrast, the pollen peak season ended 6 days later, ultimately lasting 12 days longer in 2006. A positive correlation between spruce pollen season and both temperature and wind speed was observed; the trend of spruce pollen season had a significant correlation with the changes in spring temperatures. The results show the maximum temperatures in April and May are the major parameters influencing the onset and duration of the spruce pollen season in the Tianshan Mountain ar
出处
《生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第23期6999-7006,共8页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金
国家"973"课题资助(2009CB825102)
国家自然科学基金重点资助项目(C90102009)
关键词
雪岭云杉
花粉浓度
大气花粉高峰期
中国天山
Picea schrenkiana
pollen concentration
pollen season
meteorological parameters
Tianshan
