摘要
目的分析新疆学生肺结核病的流行病学特征,为制定学校结核病防治对策提供依据。方法从中国疾病预防控制信息系统结核病管理信息系统中导出2010年1月1日—2016年12月31日新疆报告职业为学生的活动性肺结核病病人资料,采用描述流行病学方法分析学生肺结核病的流行现状及发病特征。结果 2010-2016年新疆共登记管理学生活动性肺结核病病例6 442例,7年间活动性和涂阳肺结核病病人登记率分别下降了18.32%和29.98%;报告发病数男性2 802例、女性3 640例,男女性别比为1:1.3;活动性肺结核病病人登记数逐年下降,伊犁哈萨克自治州(伊犁州)呈现上升趋势,其他地区保持平稳或下降态势;登记数构成居前三位的地区为伊犁州(21.87%)、喀什地区(15.60%)和乌鲁木齐市(11.33%);各年度病人登记数呈现出11—12月低、4月高的特点,以15岁～组最高(60.07%)、维吾尔族居多(45.34%);病人分型以Ⅲ型肺结核病为主、占94.04%。结论新疆学生肺结核病病人登记率缓慢下降,涂阳病例的比例呈上升趋势,应加强学生肺结核病的管理和健康教育,减少结核病聚集性疫情发生,控制其流行。
Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of registered cases in students with tuberculosis（TB） in Xinjiang from 2010 to 2016, and provide scientific basis for the formulation of prevention and control strategies in schools.Methods All information of reported active TB cases of student in Xinjiang were collected from Tuberculosis Management Information System from Jan 1, 2010 to Dec 31, 2016. The epidemic status and characteristics of TB cases of studentwere analyzed by descriptive epidemiology. Results Totally 6 442 active TB cases of student were registered and managed in Xingjiang from 2010 to 2016; with the registration rate decreased by 18.32% and the registration rate of pulmonary TB of smear-positive decreased by 29.98% during the 7 years. The reported cases of the male and female was 2 802 and3 640 respectively, with the proportion of 1 ： 1.3. Totally registrated case numbers of student with sputum smear-positive decreased year by year, but increased in Ili Kazak automous prefeture（Ili prefeture） and kept stable or decreasing in other areas. The top three areas with high proportions of registrated TB cases were Ili prefeture（21.87%）,Kashi prefecture（15.60%） and Urumqi city（11.33%） in order. The TB cases registered less in November and December but more in April every year. The proportion of registration was the highest in age group of 15 years-（60.07%） and in Uygur minority（45.34%）.Tuberculosis of type III was the dominant and accounted for 94.04%. Conclusions The registration rate of the cases of student decreased slowly in Xinjiang, but the proportion of the cases with positive smear in all TB cases is on the increase.The management of student cases and the education of health should be strengthened to decrease the group epidemics of TB and put the epidemic under control.
作者
王希江
王森路
WANG Xi-jiang;WANG Sen-lu(The Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Urumqi, Xinjiang 830002, Chin)
出处
《疾病预防控制通报》
2018年第3期5-8,35,共5页
Bulletin of Disease Control & Prevention(China)
关键词
肺结核病
学生
发病趋势
发病特征
Pulmonary tuberculosis
student
Epidemic trend
Epidemic characteristics
