摘要
我国早熟燕麦在寒冷区有较广泛的栽培,但其产量和品质等生产性能尚缺乏深入对比分析.本文选取青海和内蒙古作为高海拔和高纬度寒冷代表性种植区域,通过对比早熟和晚熟2种类型燕麦的生产性能,分析早熟和晚熟燕麦在高寒地区的生产前景.在青海省5个地区种植不同品种燕麦,分析2种类型燕麦的生长特征、产量及品质;在内蒙古海拉尔种植早晚熟燕麦品种,分析2种类型燕麦的产量及品质,比较早熟和晚熟燕麦在高海拔和高纬度寒冷区的生产性能.结果表明在高海拔寒冷的青海地区,早熟燕麦在较短的生长周期下草产量和燕麦品质与晚熟燕麦没有显著差异,但早熟燕麦种子产量(3702kg/hm^2)显著高于晚熟燕麦种子产量(2759kg/hm^2)(P<0.05).在高纬度寒冷的海拉尔地区,早熟品种燕麦的种子产量(3209kg/hm^2)显著高于晚熟品种(2353kg/hm^2)(P<0.05),并且早熟品种燕麦的干草产量(8110kg/hm^2)显著高于晚熟品种(6544kg/hm^2)(P<0.05),早熟燕麦和晚熟燕麦的粗蛋白含量并无显著差异.因此,从燕麦的产量和品质进行综合考虑,早熟燕麦更适合于寒冷区短暂的生长季节种植.建议将早熟燕麦作为寒冷区的粮、草作物进行推广.
Oats are widely used in cold regions as forage and grain crop,with early maturing oat varieties having long planting history.More attention is paid to variety maturity,including both naked and hulled types,for production in cold regions.Despite wide planting of early maturing oat in the cold regions in China,no systematic evaluation on yield and quality of the oat varieties in these regions has been conducted.Qinghai and Inner Mongolia are typically cold regions in China due to high elevation and high latitude respectively,and are representative areas for experimentation on growing oats in cold regions.In this study,we tested production and quality of early and late maturing oat varieties at five locations in Qinghai Province and one location in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Regions.We measured several growth,yield and quality parameters of four early maturing and three late maturing oat varieties in the former locations and six early maturing and one late maturing oat varieties at the latter locations.Parameters measured included leaf length,leaf width,panicle length,dry forage yield,seed yield crude protein and others.Attention was primarily paid to oats maturity due to the emphasis on forage and crop productivity without cons derma for to what the varieties were naked and hulled.The results showed that,in the regions of Qinghai Province with high altitude,forage yield and quality parameters of the early maturing varieties were not significantly different from those of the late maturing varieties.However,seed yield of the early maturing varieties（3702）was significantly higher than that of the late maturing varieties（2759）（P0.05）.In the regions of Inner Mongolia with high latitude,the dried forage yield（3209）and seed yield（8110）of the early maturing varieties were significantly higher than those of the late maturing varieties.But the crude protein content in the early maturing varieties was not significantly with late maturing varieties.Our study shows that production and properties of early matu
作者
周青平
苟小林
田莉华
陈有军
高树琴
白文明
张文浩
Qingping Zhou;Xiaolin Gou;Lihua Tian;Youjun Chen;Shuqin Gao;Wenming Bai;Wenhao Zhang(Institute of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Southwest University for Nationalities, Chengdu 610041, China;State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environment Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China;Qinghai Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China)
出处
《科学通报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第17期1722-1730,共9页
Chinese Science Bulletin
基金
国家科技支撑计划(2015BAC05B01)
中国科学院科技服务网络计划(STS计划)重点项目(KFJ-STS-ZDTP-004)资助
关键词
燕麦
早熟
产量
品质
寒冷区
oats
early maturing varieties
yield
quality
cold regions
