摘要
本研究以银耳(Tremella fuciformis)的幼耳发育不良菌棒和同批次棉籽壳为材料,通过棉籽壳的质量检测、菌棒的生理生化指标测定和不同处理的重栽试验,从原料棉籽壳角度探索幼耳停止生长的原因。棉籽壳质量检测结果表明,棉籽壳营养成分含量均符合《食用菌栽培原料用棉籽壳》标准要求,但通过浮力试验和显微镜观察显示棉籽壳中掺杂泥、沙、石、灰等小颗粒物质和一些蜡状物质,棉绒短而少。通过对菌棒内菌丝分离培养,菌糠浸提液观察,含水量、酶活力等理化指标检测结果均表明幼耳发育不良的菌棒内的菌丝代谢活动受到抑制,这可能是由于棉籽壳质量问题导致菌棒孔隙度降低,造成缺氧,从而抑制了菌丝代谢活动。重栽试验表明幼耳发育不良的菌棒内存在某种有害物质抑制了银耳的生长发育。因此,棉籽壳作为银耳栽培主要原料,质量检测至关重要,其将直接影响银耳的出耳,造成菇农损失,因此原料质量问题应引起重视。
In this study, the dysplastic Tremellafuciformis stick and uncultivated cottonseed shell were used as study material, through the quality detection of cottonseed hull, the determination of physiological and biochemical indexes and the replanting experiments of different treatments, the reasons why the immature T. fuciformis stopped growing were explored from the perspec- tive of raw material of cottonseed hulls. The quality test results of cottonseed shell showed that the contents of the cottonseed shell were all in accordance with the standard requirements, but the buoyancy experiment and microscope observation showed that cottonseed shell are doped with sediment, lime and other small particles and some waxy substances, the velveteen was short and seldom. The mycelium in culture rods was isolated and cultured, through the observation of fungus stick extraction solution, the results of physical and chemical indexes such as water content and enzyme activity showed that the hyphae metabolism in the rod of immature T. fuciformis was inhibited. This may be caused by the quality of the cottonseed shell, which caused the de- crease of the porosity of the rod, the anoxia and the inhibition of the mycelial metabolism. The replanting test showed that the growth and development of T. fuciformis were inhibited by some harmful substances in the stick. Therefore, the problem of raw material was one of the main reasons that caused the development stop of T. fuciformis.
作者
张琪辉
赖春芬
金珊珊
林铃
朱传进
王丽芬
胡开辉
孙淑静
ZHANG Qi-hui;LAI Chun-fen;JIN Shan-shan;LIN Ling;ZHU Chuan-jin;WANG Li-fen;HU Kai-hui;SUN Shu-jing(Edible Fungi Research and Development Center of Gutian, Gutian 350002, China;College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China;Edible Fungi Research Institute （Gutian）, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Gutian 350002, China)
出处
《中国食用菌》
北大核心
2018年第4期57-61,共5页
Edible Fungi of China
基金
木生型食用菌品种选育与产业化工程项目(fjzycxny2017010)
福建省科技计划项目(2018N31010071)
关键词
银耳
发育停止
萎黄
原料质量
Tremellafuciformis
development stop
chlorosis
material quality
