摘要
自1988年世界卫生大会提出全球消灭脊髓灰质炎（脊灰）行动以来,消灭脊灰工作全面协同推进并卓有成效,近几年进一步快速进展。2017年全球脊灰野病毒病例数和流行国家数达到历史最低;从全球形势看,脊灰终将消灭。本文回顾了脊灰的历史、消灭脊灰策略与进程,讨论了不同种类脊灰疫苗免疫策略和消灭脊灰的挑战与思考。实现消灭脊灰目标尚剩＂一公里＂,既需要有敏感的监测、妥善的脊灰病毒封存和疫苗中长期使用规划,也需有疫情应对能力和充足的脊灰灭活疫苗供应。
Since the 1988 World Health Assembly resolution to eradicate poliomyelitis,eradication has moved forward in a comprehensive and highly effective manner,including major progress in the last few years. The numbers of wild poliovirus cases and endemic countries both reached global nadirs in 2017;based on the global situation polio is on a sound trajectory to be eradicated. In this article,we review the history of poliomyelitis and polio eradication strategies and accomplishments; we discuss key immunization strategies with the available polio vaccines; and we present challenges and considerations for polio eradication.＂One mile＂is all that is left to achieve polio eradication. Sensitive surveillance,proper poliovirus containment,long-term plans for vaccine use,outbreak response capacity,and sufficient inactivated poliovirus vaccine will be essential to complete and secure global polio eradication.
作者
杨宏
王华庆
Yang Hong;Wang Huaqing(Department of National Immunization Program, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Preven- tion, Beijing 100050, China)
出处
《中国疫苗和免疫》
北大核心
2018年第3期354-359,共6页
Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization
关键词
脊髓灰质炎
消灭
Poliomyelitis
Eradication
