摘要
针对人群密集的商场发生火灾爆炸、地震、恐怖袭击等突发事件时,人员紧急疏散问题,通过改进的精细网格网络复合模型,用Matlab仿真人员疏散的最优路径,并以实际商场为例,运用Pathfinder软件对最优路径进行验证模拟,并进一步对商场满载情景仿真,得出商场的最佳疏散出口与疏散瓶颈。分析商场不同时期的疏散瓶颈,进行深化设计得出结论,最优疏散路径优于单纯选择距离人员最近的出口撤离的方案;撤离人员都有从众心理;当第四层人员密度超过0.59人/m^2时,撤离过程将发生踩踏事件。本研究为人员疏散行为模型提供了一种有用的补充。
In order to solve the emergency evacuation problem of personnel in the event of fire explosions,earthquakes,terrorist attacks and other emergencies in densely populated shopping malls,this paper uses Matlab software to stimulate the optimal evacuation path based on improved combined network model. Taking the actual mall as an example,the Pathfinder software is used to verify the optimal path,and the authors find out the optimal evacuation exit and evacuation bottleneck based on a simulation when the mall is overcrowded. By analyzing the evacuation bottlenecks under different periods,the authors conclude that： first,the optimal evacuation path is better than simply select the the closest exits; second,evacuees have a herd mentality; third,when the density of the personnel on the fourth layer exceeds 0. 59 people/m2,a stampede will occur during the evacuation. Overall,this study provides a useful supplement to the model of evacuation behavior.
作者
李静
汤家乐
LI Jing;TANG Jiale(Faculty of Infrastructure Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China)
出处
《自然灾害学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第3期172-178,共7页
Journal of Natural Disasters
基金
国家自然科学基金(71701033)~~
