摘要
语法化是一个词汇词或词组失去一部分或全部意义,进而发挥语法功能的一个过程。单向性是语法化研究中争论最为热烈的一个议题。维吾尔语的大部分词类都存在不同程度的语法化现象,其中我们会看到对单向性原则提出挑战的一些反例。本文根据相关语法化理论,浅析了维吾尔语中一些词类的语义扩展和语音销蚀现象。尤其是指示代词ol发展出多向、多维的语法化路径,证实了相关理论的可靠性。通过参考历史文献,认为指示代词ol和疑问代词kim形成的类似于印欧语关系从句的句子结构是语言接触的结果。
Grammaticalization is a process in which a lexical unit loses a part or the whole of its lexical meaning, and starts to fulfill a more grammatical function. Unidirectionality is one of the most disputed theories on grammaticalization. In Uyghur, there are some items in every word class which can be grammaticalized, and among them we can find some rare counterexamples against unidirectionality principle. According to the theory of grammaticalization, this paper presents a preliminary analysis of the semantic extension and phonetic reduction of some words in Uyghur. In particular, the demonstrative pronoun ol demonstrates a multidirectional and multidimentional path of grammaticalization, which testifies the reliability of related theories. In the light of historical documents, it is proposed that the constructions formed with the demonstrative pronoun ol and the interrogative pronoun k/m, which are similar to the relative clauses in Indo-European langauges, result from language contact.
出处
《民族语文》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第3期3-12,共10页
Minority Languages of China
基金
洪波教授主持的国家社科基金重大项目"中国境内语言语法化词库建设"(项目编号:15ZDB100)资助
关键词
语法化
语义扩展
语音销蚀
维吾尔语
grammaticalization
semantic extension
phonetic reduction
Uyghur
