摘要
自媒体时代下网络谣言既具备谣言的基本特征,同时也有其自身的特点,比起生活中一般性的谣言,网络谣言具有更为显著的破坏力。网络谣言是传播于网络中未经证实的言论。网络谣言并非严格意义上的法律概念,在现行刑法框架下,网络谣言可与虚假信息作同义理解。网络谣言的认定应采取事实性认定和是否具有主观故意为基本方式。《刑法修正案(九)》将网络谣言的内容限定为"险情、疫情、灾情、警情"几类情况,是对2013年《网络诽谤解释》寻衅滋事罪滥用的一个回应和调整,避免刑法打击范围的扩大。网络谣言侵犯的法益是社会公共利益,其范围之广、涉及面之众,都是现代国家立法不可忽视的重大问题。但因为涉及公民基本权利,对网络谣言的打击必须确立刑事打击兼顾言论保护的刑罚规制思路,明确不予刑事处罚的谣言类型,同时要完善网络谣言的刑法规制体系和罪名体系。
Online rumor in the We-media Age not only possesses the basic characteristics of rumor,but also enjoys its own features.Compared with the common rumors in our daily life,online rumor is more destructive.Specifically speaking,online rumors are unconfirmed remarks or comments that spread on the Internet,which is not a legal term from the strict perspective.Under the current framework of criminal law,online rumors can be considered as fake information.There are two basic methods to identify online rumors：the factual identification and the confirmation of whether there is subjective intentionality.In order to avoid the expansion of criminal combating scope,in the Criminal Law Amendment（9）,online rumor is limited to ＂emergencies,epidemics,disasters and alerting situations＂,which is a response and an adjustment to the Interpretation to the Online Defamation（2013）on the abuse of crime and information searching.With a wide scope and extensive coverage,online rumor is undoubtedly a major and unnegligible issue in the legislation of a modern state that may infringe the public＇s legal rights and interests.However,considering of the public＇s basic rights,the crackdown on online rumor is supposed to establish a comprehensive penalty regulation ideology to protect the speech freedom of the public while combating the criminal.In addition,specific classification for online rumors that should not be punished in the criminal way will be further cleared and the improvement of criminal law regulation system and the accusation system of online rumor should be guaranteed.
作者
向长艳
Xiang Changyan(Editorial Department, CPC Henan Provincial Committee Party School, Zhengzhou 450002, Chin)
出处
《山西农业大学学报（社会科学版）》
2018年第6期71-76,共6页
Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University:Social Science Edition
基金
国家社会科学基金项目(14BFX022)
关键词
自媒体
网络谣言
刑法规制
治理对策
We media
Online rumor
Criminal law and regulation
Measures
