摘要
中国快速人口老龄化和城镇化过程中,存在老年人口城镇化滞后现象。文章利用联合国发布的1980~2015年各国或地区分城乡、年龄、性别数据分析发现,老年人口城镇化滞后于总人口城镇化是世界大部分国家或地区、不同收入阶段和不同城镇化阶段普遍存在的现象,且老年人口城镇化与总人口城镇化之间具有较明显的线性关系。中国老年人口城镇化滞后现象更为严重。大规模人口流动是中国老年人口城镇化滞后的主要原因,而户籍制度和社会保障水平低导致土地依赖则是中国老年人口城镇化滞后更为严重的两个重要制度性原因。理解中国老年人口城镇化滞后问题应该将普遍性与特殊性相结合。应对老年人口城镇化滞后问题,要从缓解滞后状况和应对滞后后果两个方面着手。
China is facing rapid population aging and urbanization, and there is lagging urbanization of the elderly population.Based on the United Nations' data on urban and rural population by age and sex from 1980 to 2015, the paper finds that urbanizaion of elderly population in general lags behind that of the total population in most countries(or regions) at different stages of income and urbanization. There is a linear relationship between the elderly urbanization and the total population urbanization. The urbanization of elderly population lags behind even more in China. Large-scale population migration is the main reason for China's lagging urbanization of elderly population, while the household registration system and the land reliance led by low level of social security are the major institutional factors. To understand this issue of China, it is important to take into consideration both general courses and special issues. It is vital to relieve the lagging situation and deal with the consequences.
出处
《中国人口科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第3期39-50,共12页
Chinese Journal of Population Science