摘要
【目的】分析桔梗大葱间作对土壤特性的影响,明确桔梗大葱间作消减桔梗连作障碍的效果。【方法】在桔梗连作3年的地块进行大田试验。设桔梗单作、桔梗大葱行比2∶1、3∶1、4∶1三种间作,移栽后15天开始,每隔30天取一次0—20 cm土壤样品,测定了土壤微生物区系、土壤脲酶、磷酸酶、转化酶和多酚氧化酶活性及土壤有效养分的含量。【结果】与桔梗单作相比,间作大葱土壤有效氮含量增加了22.3%~50.0%,提高幅度随着桔梗大葱间作行比的增加呈下降趋势。5~8月(移栽后105天内)桔梗大葱间作土壤有效磷含量高于桔梗单作,8月后低于桔梗单作。间作大葱对土壤速效钾含量的影响不显著。桔梗大葱间作提高了土壤碱性磷酸酶、土壤多酚氧化酶活性,且在桔梗生长后期的作用效果优于前期,但对土壤脲酶和转化酶的活性及变化趋势没有显著影响。桔梗大葱间作增加了土壤微生物总量和细菌数量,降低真菌数量,提高了土壤细菌/真菌比值。【结论】土壤细菌数量和细菌/真菌比值随桔梗大葱间作行比的增加而降低,而真菌数量反之。桔梗间作大葱是消减桔梗连作障碍的一种新型种植模式。
【Objectives】Effects of Platycodon grandiflorum and Allium fistulosum intercropping on soil properties under different intercropping patterns were studied. The aim was to supply academic base for solving continuous cropping obstacle of P. grandiflorum.【Methods】Field experiments were conducted in a field where P. grandiflorum had been continually cultured for 3 years. The intercropping trial included three modes of P.grandiflorum and A. fistulosum as 2∶1, 3∶1 and 4∶1, and the monoculture of P. grandiflorum was set as control. Soil samples of 0–20 cm depth were collected since the 15 th day after transplanting, and with a sampling interval of 30 days. The nutrient status, microorganism and main enzymatic activities of soils were determined.【Results】Compared with monoculture, P. grandiflorum A. fistulosum intercropping enhanced the contents of soil available nitrogen, which were increased by 22.3% to 50.0%, and the increment was decreased with the increase of the row ratio between P. grandiflorum and A. fistulosum. The soil available phosphorus content in the intercropping was higher than that in monoculture from May to August（within 105 days after transplanting）, whereas the tendency was reverse after August. No significant difference was detected in readily available potassium content among all planting patterns. The P. grandiflorum A. fistulosum intercropping improved activities of soil phosphatase and polyphenol oxidase but did not affect both the activities and tendency of urease and invertase. The P. grandiflorum and A. fistulosum intercropping increased microorganism quantities mainly through increasing bacteria quantities, consequently increasing soil fertility. The fungi quantities in the P.grandiflorum monoculture were greater than those in P. grandiflorum A. fistulosum intercropping, but the ratio of bacteria to fungi showed an opposite tendency.【Conclusions】P. grandiflorum A. fistulosum intercropping could modify soil microorganism and enhance soil fertility, which could act as
作者
王鹏
祝丽香
陈香香
冯惠
孙文帅
秦宁
WANG Peng;ZHU Li-xiang;CHEN Xiang-xiang;FENG Hui;SUN Wen-shuai;QIN Ning(Agronomy College, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai ＂an, Shandong 271018, China)
出处
《植物营养与肥料学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第3期668-675,共8页
Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers
基金
山东省重点研发计划(2016GSF202019)
山东省自然科学基金(ZR2015HM017)资助
关键词
桔梗
大葱
间作
土壤养分
微生物区系
酶活性
连作障碍
Platydocon grandiflorum
Alliumfistulosum
intercropping
soil nutrient
microflora
enzyme activity
continuous cropping obstacle
