摘要
鉴于机械式自动垂直钻具井斜控制能力相对较低的问题,从钻具的控制机制出发,研究了粘滑振动条件下控制机构的动力学行为,并提出了控制机构的优化方案。井下粘滑振动会使钻具控制机构中的偏重块发生类似钟摆的运动,严重影响钻具的控制性能甚至导致钻具失效。为减少粘滑振动的不利影响,将凸台盘阀和水力涡轮引入钻具的控制机构,在偏重块尺寸减小的同时提升了钻具的控制性能。仿真结果表明,受粘滑振动影响,在井斜角3°和9°时,在采用常规盘阀的控制机构中,偏重块摆动幅度分别为44.96°,14.91°,摆动中心位置距离井眼低边夹角分别为19.84°,6.15°;优化后,采用凸台盘阀可使控制机构中偏重块的摆动幅度分别为10.06°,2.17°,分别降低了77.89%,85.45%。配合使用扭矩为65N·mm的水力涡轮后,可实现偏重块以井眼低边为中心的钟摆运动,显著提升了钻具控制机构的响应精度、灵敏度及可靠性。此外,优化后控制机构的许用压差大幅增加,进一步提升了钻具的纠斜降斜能力。
The inclination control performance of automatic mechanical vertical drilling tool（MVDT）is relatively poor.To improve the property of MVDT,this paper analyses its control behavior and the dynamic control mechanism under torsional vibration,and furthermore proposes an optimal design.If the torsional vibration happens,the eccentric block in control mechanism will swing like a pendulum,then the control behavior of MVDT will be deteriorated even to ineffective.To reduce the negative influence of torsional vibration,an optimal design including a convex plate and a hydraulic turbine is introduced in control mechanism,which resuces the size of eccentric block and improves the performance of MVDT effectively.The simulated results show that,under the inclination of 3°and 9°,the swing amplitude of the eccentric block is respectively 44.96°and 14.91°,as well as the angle between the middle swing position and the lower side of borehole is 19.84°and 6.15°before optimization.After introducing a valve with 8 mm convex plate,the swing amplitude of the eccentric block respectively increases 77.89% 85.45% to 10.06°2.17°.By using a hydraulic turbine with 65 N·mm,the middle swing position can be adjusted to coincide with the lower side of the borehole.Thus the precision of dynamic control response,the flexibility and the stability of MVDT can be improved significantly.In addition,the allowable pressure of plate valve increases greatly,by which the capability of inclination preventing and decreasing of MVDT is further promoted.
作者
李立鑫
薛启龙
刘宝林
王晋
李昕愉
张宗湖
Li Lixin;Xue Qilong;Liu Baolin;Wang Jin;Li Xinyu;Zhang Zonghu(School of Engineering and Technology;Key Laboratory of Deep Geodrilling Technology, Ministry of Land and Resources, China University of Geosciences （Beijing）, Beijing 100083, China)
出处
《地质科技情报》
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第3期268-274,共7页
Geological Science and Technology Information
基金
北京市自然科学基金项目"细长柔性钻井管柱的非线性动力学研究"(3174054)
国家重点研发计划战略性国际科技创新合作重点专项"多金属矿岩心钻探关键技术装备联合研发及示范"(3-3-2017-44-A)
国土资源部公益性行业科研专项"小直径高精度垂直钻进技术研究"(201411054)
关键词
垂直钻井
机械式自动垂直钻具
控制性能
粘滑振动
动力学响应
优化
vertical drilling
automatic mechanical vertical drilling tool
control performance
torsional vibration
dynamic response
optimal design
