摘要
在现场条件下研究了亚热带网箱区底播养殖仿刺参的生理生态学指标随时间的变化。结果显示,网箱区底播的仿刺参耗氧率变化范围为0.012~0.016 mg O2/(g·h),各时期数据间无显著差异,表明在实验期间仿刺参维持基本代谢的能量消耗随时间变化不大;对照区5月仿刺参的耗氧率显著高于2、3、6月,表明对照区仿刺参夏眠初期能量消耗较大。2、3月网箱区仿刺参的耗氧率显著高于同期对照区,表明冬季网箱区底播仿刺参代谢更为活跃。网箱区底播仿刺参排氨率随着时间不断下降,2月排氨率[(0.061±0.009)μmol/(g·h)]显著高于5月[(0.045±0.011)μmol/(g·h)])和6月[(0.035±0.007)μmol/(g·h)],这是因为冬、春季节水温更适宜仿刺参生长,该阶段仿刺参摄食活跃,可以有效地利用网箱区高质量的食物。5月以后网箱区仿刺参进入夏眠状态,肠道逐渐萎缩,其排氨率也随之降低。对照区仿刺参排氨率始终维持在较低的水平,表明其营养状态不佳。各时期网箱区和对照区的O/N比值均为10~30,表明仿刺参新陈代谢底物包含蛋白质和碳水化合物或者脂质。其中,2—5月网箱区刺参O/N比值相对于对照区较低,表明该阶段网箱区仿刺参新陈代谢底物中蛋白质所占比例较多,这与该时期网箱区较高的食物质量相对应。
An in situ experiment was carried out to estimate the temporal variations in physiological characteristics of the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus bottom-cultured in a subtropical fish farm. Results showed that the oxygen consumption rates of the A. japonicus in the fish farm ranged from 0.012 to 0.016 mg O2/（g·h）, and no significant differences were observed between the values at different sampling times（P=0.145）. This indicated the energy consumption for the basic metabolic needs of the animals didn＇t vary obviously during the experiment;however, the oxygen consumption rate of A. japonicus in the reference site during the May sampling was significantly higher than those in February, March and June, which indicated that high energy consumption at the beginning of aestivation. During the February and March samplings, the oxygen consumption rates of A. japonicus in the fish farm were significantly higher than those in the reference site during this period, indicating the higher metabolic rates of the animals in the fish farm. The ammonium excretion rates of A. japonicus in the fish farm decreased with time, and the value at the February sampling [（0.061±0.009） μmol/（g·h）] was significantly higher than those in May [（0.045±0.011） μmol/（g·h）] and June [（0.035±0.007） μmol/（g·h）], because water temperatures in winter and spring were suitable for the growth of A. japonicus, and animals in the fish farm could assimilate more food of better quality from the surrounding environment. A. japonicus in the fish farm underwent aestivation and their guts degenerated after May, and their ammonium excretion rates decreased simultaneously. The ammonium excretion rates of the A. japonicus in the reference site were low and constant during the whole study period, which indicated that animals were always in low nutritional condition. The O/N ratios of both sites ranged between 10 and 30, which indicated the mixed utilization of carbon-based substrates and protein acted as the catabolic s
作者
于宗赫
许强
罗鹏
黄文
胡超群
YU Zonghe;XU Qiang;LUO Peng;HUANG Wen;HU Chaoqun(Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China;State Key Laboratory of Marine Resources Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China)
出处
《水产学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第6期863-869,共7页
Journal of Fisheries of China
基金
国家自然科学基金(41406194
41676162)
广州市科技计划项目(201707010176)
海南大学南海海洋资源利用国家重点实验室开放课题(2016006)~~
关键词
仿刺参
复合生态养殖
生物修复
耗氧率
排氨率
Apostichopusjaponicus
integrated multi-trophic aquaculture
bioremediation
oxygen consumption rate
ammonium excretion rate
