摘要
目的探讨产妇产褥期膳食模式及与3月龄内婴儿生长发育的关系,为妇幼保健提供新思路及相关建议。方法采用方便抽样的方法,于北京等7地依托妇幼保健院调查分娩后3个月内的妇女及婴儿各550例,产妇均为乳母,自拟调查问卷获得产妇及婴儿一般情况,采用食物频率法调查产妇产褥期膳食摄入情况,当地儿保医生测量获得婴儿体格发育资料。结果产妇产褥期果蔬、奶豆类、鱼虾类摄入不足比例较高,畜禽肉类、蛋类摄入过量比例较高,计算膳食平衡指数各指标,发现47.4%的产妇存在中度及以上膳食摄入过量,38.4%的产妇存在低度摄入不足,50.8%的产妇则有中度及以上的膳食摄入不足,80.0%的产妇存在中度及以上的膳食不均衡状况;调查的3月龄内婴儿中,4.8%存在生长迟缓,11.8%存在轻度及以上的体质量不足,6.4%存在消瘦;多因素分析发现负端分和年龄别身长Z(LAZ)值存在负相关(P<0.05),偏回归系数为-0.018,偏相关系数为-0.115。结论产妇产褥期膳食摄入不均衡,肉蛋类摄入过量与果蔬、奶豆、鱼虾类摄入不足并存,其中膳食摄入不足可能引起婴儿生长迟缓。
Objective To explore the dietary pattern of puerperal women and the relationship with growth and development of infants within three months,provide new ideas and related suggestions for maternal and child health care. Methods A convenience sampling method was used to survey 550 puerperal women within three months after delivery and 550 infants from Maternal and Child Health Care Hospitals in Beijing and other places. All the infants were fed with breastfeeding. A self-designed questionnaire was used to obtain the general situations of puerperal women and their infants. Food frequency questionnaire was used to survey dietary intake of puerperal women. The data of infantile physical development was obtained from child health care doctors. Results The proportions of puerperal women with inadequate intake of fruits and vegetables,milk and beans,fish and shrimp were high,and the proportions of puerperal women with excessive intake of meat and eggs were high. Among the puerperal women,47. 4% of them were found with moderate and excessive dietary intake,38. 4% of them were found with inadequate dietary intake,50. 8% of them were found with moderate and high inadequate intake,80. 0% of them were found with moderate and high unbalanced dietary intake. Among the infants under three months,4. 8% of them were found with growth retardation,11. 8% of them were found with mild and moderate underweight,and 6. 4% of them were found with emaciation. Multivariate analysis showed that lower bound score of diet balance index was negatively correlated with length-for-age Z score(P〈0. 05）,partial regression coefficent was-0. 018,and partial correlation coefficient was-0. 115. Conclusion The dietary intake of puerperal women is imbalance,excessive intake of meat and eggs,inadequate intake of fruits and vegetables,milk and beans,fish and shrimp are observed. Inadequate dietary intake may cause growth retardation of infants.
作者
夏浩业
朱一民
刘坦
代旭
朱文丽
XIA Hao-Ye;ZHU Yi-Min;LIU Tan(Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing , 100191, China)
出处
《中国妇幼保健》
CAS
2018年第9期2084-2088,共5页
Maternal and Child Health Care of China
关键词
产褥期
膳食平衡指数
婴儿
体格发育
Puerperium
Diet balance index
Infant
Physical development
