摘要
支出型贫困是指因某些风险经历造成家庭刚性支出过高,远远超出家庭承受能力,使家庭基本生活难以为继的贫困类型。支出型贫困家庭多分布于低收入社区,其典型特征是:家庭劳动力少、教育负担重,家庭关系网络资源贫乏且风险遭遇多发,普遍面临收支缺口大和生活资料匮乏等困境。支出型贫困家庭可分为单因突生型、单因渐生型、多因突生型、多因渐生型四种类型,从前者到后者,其贫困复杂程度渐次加深。重大疾病、意外伤残等风险遭遇是支出型贫困的直接诱因,家庭韧性弱是支出型贫困的内在根源,家庭成员发展动力不足是支出型贫困持续的主观原因,社会保障不足是支出型贫困的外在结构因素。为此,支出型贫困治理应着眼于提高贫困家庭的家庭韧性,优化贫困家庭的发展环境。
Expenditure poverty refers to the type of povertyin which,due to some risk experiences,the fixed expenditure of a certain family is too high and beyond the family's affordability,therefore results in the unsustainability of basic livelihood of the family. Families encountering expenditures poverty are mainlylocated in poor communities,which have the characteristics of labor force shortage,heavy education burden,network resources shortage,and high frequency of risk encounter. The main predicaments of above-mentioned families are the imbalance between income and expenditure,as well as the insufficiency of means of livelihood. Families encountering expenditures poverty can be divided into four types:mono-genesis accidental forming model, mono-genesis gradual forming model, multi-genesis accidental forming model,and multi-genesis gradual forming model. From the first model to the fourth model,the complexity of poverty deepens. Risk experience is the direct inducement of expenditure poverty,and weak family resilience is the inner root of expenditure poverty. The insufficiency of development motivation on the part of family members accelerates the sustainability of expenditure poverty. Additionally,the deficiency of social security is a structural factor of expenditure poverty of families. It is suggested that the governance of expenditure poverty should focus on improving the resilience of poor families,as well as the development condition of poor families.
出处
《南京农业大学学报（社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第3期27-36,共10页
Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University(Social Sciences Edition)
基金
国家社会科学基金青年项目"城市新贫困群体的社会保障机制研究"(13CSH091)
湖北省社科基金一般项目"精准扶贫视角下湖北省城乡支出型贫困问题研究"(2017155)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目"大流动背景下的社会治理研究"(2662015PY106)
