摘要
百日咳是由百日咳鲍特菌侵入易感者呼吸道而引起的急性呼吸道传染病。潜伏期2~20天,平均7~10天,以阵发性痉挛性咳嗽伴有鸡鸣样吸气声为主要特征,咳嗽可持续2~3个月,故名"百日咳"。此病多发生于儿童,百日咳疫苗问世以前它是婴幼儿发病率及死亡率很高的传染病之一。百日咳疫苗广泛使用后该病得到有效控制,但近年来世界各国通过主动和被动监测发现成人病例及隐形感染者逐年增多,发现全球百日咳发病率明显上升。本文就百日咳流行情况、流行病学、影响因素及疫苗研究进展作一综述。
Pertussis is an acute respiratory infection caused by the invasion of bordetella pertussis into the respiratory tract of susceptible person. The disease has the incubation period of 2-20 days with an average of 7-10 days, and is characterized by the paroxysmal spastic coughing with cough sounds like a crow, and the coughing is sustainable for 2-3 months, so it is known as pertussis. This disease mostly occurs in children, and it was one of the infectious diseases with high morbidity and mortality in infants and young children before the advent of pertussis vaccine. The disease is effectively controlled after the widespread use of pertussis vaccine. However, the active and passive monitoring all over the world has found that the number of adult and invisible infections has increased in recent years, and the incidence of pertussis in the world is rising obviously. The article reviews the epidemic situation of pertussis, epidemiology, influencing factors and advances in vaccine research.
作者
柳艳萍
LIU Yan-ping(Hangu Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Binhai New Area, Tianjin, 300480, Chin)
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2018年第7期1005-1008,F0003,共5页
Occupation and Health
关键词
百日咳
流行现状
疫苗
Pertussis
Epidemic situation
Vaccine
