摘要
随着我国经济的常态化发展和城镇化进程的不断推进,青壮年劳动力转移促使农村老年人居住安排发生变动并对家庭养老构成威胁,进而对老年人的日常生活自理能力构成冲击。本文使用西安交通大学人口与发展研究所于2009年、2012年和2015年进行的"安徽省农村老年人福利状况"跟踪调查数据,运用个体增长模型将农村老年人的居住安排划分为主干家庭、隔代家庭和"空巢"家庭,深入剖析居住安排变动对农村老年人日常生活自理能力的跟踪影响。研究发现农村老年人由居住在非主干家庭变动为主干家庭会使其日常生活自理能力显著衰退,居住在非隔代家庭变动为隔代家庭显著减缓了其日常生活自理能力的衰退,而居住在非"空巢"家庭变动为"空巢"家庭对其日常生活自理能力衰退的减缓作用存在选择性;研究揭示了农村老年人所选择的居住安排是基于整体家庭客观需求并以全体家庭成员利益最大化为目标而做出的家庭决策,居住安排的不同会带来迥异的日常生活自理能力影响。在中国独特的家庭养老背景下,居住安排作为农村家庭养老的重要方面应引起高度重视,其对老年人日常生活自理能力产生的影响更不容忽视。
With the normalization of China＇s economic development and the continuous advancement of urbanization,the out-migration of young-adults has prompted changes in the living arrangements of the old adults in rural areas and threatened to family support,then impacted on the daily living ability of the old adults. Using data from the survey＂Well-being of Rural Elderly in Anhui Province＂,conducted in 2009,2012 and 2015 by the Institute for Population and Development Studies of Xi＇an Jiaotong University,the study analyzes the impact of the old adults＇ living arrangements on the activity of their daily living with Individual Growth Model. The results show that the old adults changing into living in the trunk family accelerates the decline of their activity of daily living significantly,changing into the skipped-family delays the decline of their activity of daily living significantly,while this delaying effect is selective for empty-nest family;The results reveal that family decision of the old adults＇ living arrangements is made based on objective needs of the entire family and maximizing interests of their family,and the difference in living arrangements will bring about the impact of daily life self-care ability. With China＇s unique family support＇s background,living arrangements should be attached as one of the most important aspects of the family pension,thus the impact of the old adults＇ living arrangements on the activity of their daily living cannot be ignored.
作者
王萍
张雯剑
程亚兰
WANG Ping;ZHANG Wenjian;CHENG Yalan(School of Management, Xi ＇ an University of Science and Technology, Xi ＇ an Shaanxi, 710054, China)
出处
《人口学刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第3期93-102,共10页
Population Journal
基金
国家社会科学基金项目:农村老年人家庭结构与代际支持的动态演进研究(17BRK020)
国家社会科学基金项目:农村老年人与子女
孙子女代际关系追踪研究(14CRK003)
国家自然科学基金面上项目:农村老年人生计与福利的动态演进及家庭支持政策研究(71573207)
西安科技大学哲社繁荣重点项目:劳动力转移下农村老人家庭生计
能源消费及福祉研究(2018SZ01)
关键词
农村老年人
居住安排
日常生活自理能力
跟踪数据
Rural Elderly, Living Arrangement, Activity of Daily Living, Longitudinal Data
