摘要
[目的]本研究旨在从矿物质角度对不同牛肉营养价值进行评价。[方法]采集云岭牛、中甸牦牛和婆罗门牛的西冷和眼肉两个部位肉,分析比较两部位肉的钙(Ca)、磷(P)、镁(Mg)、钠(Na)、钾(K)、铁(Fe)、铜(Cu)、锌(Zn)8个矿物质元素含量,并采用营养指数(INQ)法进行营养评价。[结果](1)西冷肉中矿物元素含量比较,云岭牛的Na、K、Fe、Cu、Zn含量均高于婆罗门牛和中甸牦牛的。其中:K和Cu含量分别显著比中甸牦牛的高41.29mg/100g和0.04mg/100g(P<0.05),Fe含量显著比婆罗门牛的高0.47 mg/100g,高29.19%(P<0.05),婆罗门牛西冷肉的Mg含量分别显著比云岭牛和中甸牦牛高5.29mg/100g和3.18mg/100g(P<0.05)。(2)云岭牛眼肉的Ca、Mg、K、Fe、Cu、Zn含量均高于婆罗门牛和中甸牦牛的,其中Cu含量显著高于中甸牦牛肉0.05mg/100g(P<0.05),但中甸牦牛眼肉的P含量分别显著高于云岭牛和婆罗门牛16.74mg/100g和18.19mg/100g(P<0.05),而婆罗门牛眼肉的Na含量显著高于云岭牛和中甸牦牛21.62mg/100g和31.10mg/100g(P<0.05)。(3)矿物质元素营养价值评价结果,三牛种牛肉(西冷和眼肉)P、K、Fe、Cu、Zn的INQ值高,均大于1,分别为3.51~4.06、2.54~3.45、1.97~2.51、2.40~3.80和5.07~6.94,三牛种肉中Mg的INQ值0.99~1.19,但肉中Na和Ca的INQ值小于1,且Ca的INQ值低于0.20。[结论]三种牛肉西冷和眼肉当热能满足需要时,P、K、Fe、Cu、Zn营养素可有盈余,是良好的肉类食材;三牛种牛肉Zn的INQ值最高,云岭牛肉的Zn高达6.94,比推荐表中牛肉Zn的INQ值高47%,是富锌牛肉的首选。
[Objective] This research aimed to evaluate the nutritional value of beef from mineral perspective. [Method] We collected the sirloin and ribeye of Yunling cattle, Zhongdian Yak and Brahman cattle, and analyzed the mineral element contents of calcium （Ca）, phosphorus （P）, magnesium （Mg）, sodi um （Na）, potassium （K）, iron （Fe）, copper （Cu） and zinc （Zn） of these two parts, and used Nutrition index （INQ） to evaluate nutrition. [Results] ① The comparison of mineral element in sirloin, Yunling cattle＇s Na,K,Fe,Cu and Zn contents were higher than that of Brahman cattle and Zhongdian Yak. Among them, the contents of K and Cu were significantly higher than Zhongdian Yak, which was 41.29 mg/100 g and 0.04 mg/100 g （P〈 0.05） respectively; the Fe content were significantly higher than that of Brahman cattle 0.47 mg/100 g and 29.19% （P〈 0.05） ; the Mg content of Brahman cattle＇s sirloin was significantly higher than that of Yunling cattle and Zhongdian Yak 5.29 Mg/100 g and 3.18 Mg/100 g （P 〈 0.05） respectively; ②The Ca, Mg, K, Fe, Cu and Zn contents of Yunling cattle＇s ribeye were higher than that of Brahman cattle and Zhongdian Yak, among them： the Cu content was significantly higher than Zhongdian Yak 0.05 mg / 100 g （P〈 0.05）, but the P content of Zhongdian Yak＇s ribeye was significantly higher than Yunling cattle and Brahman cattle 16.74 mg / 100 g and 18.19 mg / 100 g （P〈 0.05）, and Na content of Brahman cattle＇s ribeye was significantly higher than Yunling cattle and Zhongdian Yak 21. 62 mg / 100 g and 31.10 mg / 100 g （P〈 0.05） ; ③The evaluation results of nutritional value of mineral elements： the INQ values of P, K, Fe, Cu and Zn of the three bovine species of beef （sirloin and ribeye ） were higher than 1, respectively 3.51 ～ 4.06, 2.54 ～ 3.45, 1.97 ～ 2.51, 2.40 ～ 3.80 and 5.07 ～6.94; the INQ value of Mg in the three bovine species of beef was 0.99 ～1.19, but the INQ value of Na and Ca in beef was less than
作者
高月娥
王馨
刘彦培
和占星
杨凯
王喆
王安奎
GAO Yue-e;WANG Xin;LIU Yan-pei;HE Zhan-xing;YANG Kai;WANG Zhe;WANG An-kui(Yunnan Academe of Grassland and Animal Science, Yunnan Kunming, 650212;Yunnan Beef Cattle Engineering Technology Research Center, Yunnan Kunming, 650212)
出处
《中国牛业科学》
2017年第6期12-16,共5页
China Cattle Science
基金
省院省校科技合作项目(2016IB009)
省肉牛体系(2017KJTX0015)
公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201203008)
关键词
云岭牛
中甸牦牛
婆罗门牛
矿物元素含量
营养价值评价
Yunling cattle
Zhongdian Yak
Brahman cattle
mineral element contents
nutritional value evaluation
