摘要
目的调查2015年和2016年深圳市禁烟场所控烟执行情况,为促进控烟条例有效实施提供参考。方法采用分层随机抽样和方便抽样相结合的方法,从深圳市10个管辖区,2015年抽取了2162个禁烟场所进行暗访调查,并对232名场所管理者和2316名公众进行了问卷调查;2016年抽取了1095个禁烟场所进行暗访调查,并对966名场所管理者和2708名公众进行了问卷调查。结果场所禁烟标识张贴率由2015年的75.6%上升到2016年的79.1%(χ~2=5.02,P=0.03),违法设置烟灰缸/烟具的比例由2015年17.3%下降到2016年的16.8%(χ~2=0.13,P=0.72),发现吸烟者的比例由2015年的9.9%提高到2016年的17.8%(χ~2=40.85,P<0.01)。场所管理者对控烟的支持率2年均在90.0%以上。公众对控烟的支持率2年均在80.0%以上。结论深圳市禁烟场所控烟执行情况较好,违法吸烟现象有所上升,场所管理者控烟职责落实不到位。建议采取相关措施,进一步保障控烟条例长期有效执行。
Objective To investigate the implementation of non-smoking places in public places of Shenzhen in 2015 and 2016, and to provide reference for effective enforcement of tobacco control regulation. Methods Using stratified random sampling and convenience sampling methods, to choose places from 10 jurisdictions in Shenzhen. In 2015, 2162 non-smoking places were observed in secret, 232 managers and 2316 publics were questionnaire surveyed; in 2016,1095 non-smoking places were observed in secret, 966 managers and 2708 publics were questionnaire surveyed. Results The rate of posting non-smoking signage increased from 75. 6% （2015） to 79. 1 % （2016） （ y 2 =5. 0 2 ,P = 0. 03） , the per-centage of providing ashtray or other smoking sets decreased from 17. 3% （2015） to 16. 8% （2016） （ ／ 2 = 0. 13 , P =0. 72） , observed smoking raised from 9. 9% （2015） to 17. 8% （2016） （ =40. 85 , P 〈 0. 01 ） . The approval ratingsfor tobacco control of managers both above 90. 0% . The supporting rate for tobacco control of public both above 80. 0% . Conclusion Tobacco control regulations are effectively executed in non-smoking places in Shenzhen. However, smoking rate presents a rising tendency and managers fail to perform the obligations. It should be carried out measures to guarantee the long-term implementation of tobacco control regulation.
作者
谢尉
熊静帆
余卫业
冯铁建
XIE Wei;XIONG Jing- fan;YU Wei-ye;FENG Tie-jian.(Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen 518020, China)
出处
《中国健康教育》
北大核心
2018年第4期313-316,共4页
Chinese Journal of Health Education
基金
国际防痨和肺部疾病联合会项目(CHINA-RIOC-402G-1)
关键词
控烟
禁烟场所
管理者
公众
Tobacco control
Non-smoking places
Manager
Public
