摘要
目的了解北京市西城区麻疹的流行病学特征,为控制、消除麻疹提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对2010—2016年北京市西城区麻疹发病资料进行流行病学分析。结果 2010—2016年西城区累计发生麻疹410例,平均发病率为4.48/10万。全年均有发病,以3—5月为高峰,为59.02%;发病人群主要集中在<8月龄儿童和≥20岁成人,病例主要集中在外来人口相对较多的街道;报告病例中有明确免疫史病例比例较低,仅为15.37%。麻疹病例发病前7~21天有就诊史比例较高,为45.61%,院内感染可能是造成麻疹发病的又一重要因素。结论麻疹疫情呈现周期性波动,免疫空白是麻疹高发的主要原因;开展育龄妇女的预防接种,提高流动人口麻疹免疫覆盖率,同时控制医院内感染是控制、消除麻疹的重点。
[Objective] To understand the epidemiological characteristics of measles in Xicheng District of Beijing,provide a scientific basis for control and elimination of measles.[Methods]Description epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemic data of measles in Xicheng District of Beijing from 2010-2016.[Results] Totally 410 cases of measles occurred in Xicheng District from 2010-2016,and the average incidence rate was 4.48/lakh. The measles cases were reported throughout the year,peak season appeared March to May,accounting for 59.02%. Most of measles cases were children below 8 months old and adults over 20 years old,and the cases mainly concentrated on the sub-district with more foreign population. The measles cases with clear immunization history accounted for lower proportion,which was only 15.7%. The proportion of cases which had visited the hospital was higher（45.61%）,which indicated that the nosocomial infection may be another important factor causing measles.[Conclusion]To carry out the vaccination in women of childbearing age,improve the measles immunization coverage of the floating population,and control the nosocomial infection is the key point of the control and elimination of measles.
作者
王青海
张璐
姜帆
秦京宁
WANG Qing-hai;ZHA NG Lu;JIA NG Fan;QIN Jing-ning(Immunization Department ,Xicheng Center for Disease Control and Prevention ,Beijing, 100120, China)
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2018年第6期776-778,783,共4页
Occupation and Health
关键词
麻疹
流行病学特征
院内感染
Measles
Epidemiological characteristics
Nosocomial infection
