摘要
评估杭州市城市河道生态治理成效,为更好地指导城市河道生态修复工作提供借鉴。后横港、沿山河、新塘河和南大河位于杭州市中心城区,水质都处于劣V类,蓝藻水华和黑臭暴发频繁,从2014年开始,分别开展了一系列生态修复工程。测定氨氮、总磷、高锰酸盐指数、溶解氧指标判断水质改善情况,分析浮游植物、浮游动物、底栖动物判断水体生态修复程度。氨氮后横港下降超过80%,沿山河和南大河下降60%左右;总磷后横港下降接近70%,其他河道下降23%-55%;后横港、沿山河、新塘河高锰酸盐指数进一步降低,部分河道高锰酸盐指数能达到II类水水平;溶解氧浓度都明显上升,均能达到III类以上水平。南大河的浮游植物密度达到了水华暴发的水平;各条河道的原生动物和轮虫类密度都较高,但Shannon多样性指数普遍在1-2;枝角类和桡足类密度偏低;底栖动物Shannon指数均低于1,指示河道处于严重污染状态。杭州市城市河道生态治理工作的中心是：沉水植物恢复及以沉水植物恢复为基础、包含浮游动物和底栖动物等在内全水域生物多样性恢复的生态系统恢复。
Hangzhou is a city with many rivers and lakes,more than 520 rivers and a water area of 26 km2 in the central urban area. However,rapid economic growth over the past decades has resulted in severe deterioration of water quality in the rivers of Hangzhou,due to discharge of domestic waste and industrial pollutants. In recent years,Hangzhou has taken steps to control river pollution and ecological treatment is one of the measures used. To assess the effectiveness of ecological treatment of urban rivers in Hangzhou and improve ecological treatment,we have described the implementation and evaluated the effect of ecological treatments. The investigation was based on four representative urban rivers included in ecological demonstration projects; the Houheng River,Yanshan River,Xintang River and Nanda River. The rivers are located in different districts of the central urban area and have different characteristics. Before the treatment,water quality in the four rivers was all below national surface water standard level V; cyanobacterial blooms occurred frequently and malodorous black water was commonly encountered. Beginning in 2014,a series of bioremediation measures were implemented,aiming to restore submerged plants and increase zooplankton and macroinvertebrate biodiversity. Water quality parameters（ ammonia nitrogen,total phosphorus,CODMnand dissolved oxygen） in the four rivers were compared before and after the ecological treatment. Aquatic organisms including phytoplankton,zooplankton,and macroinvertebrates,were monitored to assess the ecological status of the treated rivers. Ammonia nitrogen levels in the Houheng,Yanshan and Nanda Rivers decreased more than 80%,60% and 60%,respectively. Total phosphorus in Houheng River decreased 70%,and in other rivers from 23% to 55%. The CODMnof the Houheng,Yanshan and Xintang Rivers decreased and some river sections achieved level II water quality. Dissolved oxygen increased and black and odorous water was less common. Water quality in the four rivers improved due to ecolo
作者
邱佩璜
范华
徐玉裕
汪国英
熊雄
虞功亮
谢志才
吴辰熙
刘剑彤
QIU Pei-huang;FAN Hua;XU yu-yu;WANG Guo-ying;XIONG Xiong;YU Gong-liang;XIE Zhi-cai;WU Chen-xi;LIU Jian-tong(Hangzhou Urban River Supervision Centre, Hangzhou 310008, P. R. China;Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072,P. R. China)
出处
《水生态学杂志》
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第2期34-40,共7页
Journal of Hydroecology
基金
杭州市重大科技创新项目(20131813A04)
住房和城乡建设部科学技术项目(2014-K7-014)
关键词
生态治理
城市河道
水质
沉水植物
生物多样性
ecological treatment
urban rivers
water quality
submerged macrophytes
aquatic biodiversity
