摘要
目前临床上我国南方各省以稻的果实经发芽干燥后作谷芽使用,而北方则多以粟的果实经发芽干燥后作谷芽使用。二者虽功效相似,但基原不同。本研究主要通过文献考证的方法,对谷芽和稻芽的源流进行考辨,发现具有现代"谷子"意的"谷"最初写作"穀",指粮食作物的总称,魏晋南北朝时期主要为粟的专名,宋之后在南方也可指稻。而"谷芽"与"稻芽",源起于蘖米,始载于《本草纲目》,两词混用,基原为稻。1963、1977年版《中华人民共和国药典》中"谷芽"与"稻芽"仍是混称,基原也为稻。直至1995年版《中华人民共和国药典》,"谷芽"始与"稻芽"在基原上明确分开,意指"粟芽"而以"谷芽"命名。但是,由于"谷(穀)"在南方多指稻,导致"谷(穀)芽"这个名称在我国南、北方仍存在歧义。而收录于1963、1985和1990年版《中华人民共和国药典》的"粟芽"一词,则可与"稻芽"明确区分开来。所以,我们建议,可以"粟芽"代替"谷芽"之名以避免歧义。
Now, the fruit of Oryza sativa after germination and drying is used as Guya in south China. While in the north, it is Setaria italic in clinic. Although they have similar actions, their original plants are different. In this paper, we did a deep research on the origins of Guya and Daoya. It was found that the ＂grain＂, which had the meaning of modern ＂millet＂, was originally written as ＂榖＂, which referred to the general name of food crops. In the Wei Jin and the Southern and Northern Dynasties, it was mainly the name of the S. italica. In the Southern Song Dynasty, it was also referred to as 0. sativa in the south. Guya and Daoya originated from tibermi, and they were first recorded in the Compendium ofMateria Medica, where the name of Guya and Daoya were mixed, and the original plants were actually 0. sativa. They were still mixed in the 1963 and 1977 editions of Chinese Pharmacopoeia, the original plant was also O. sativa. It was not until the 1995 edition of Chinese Phar- macopoeia that the plant origins of Guya and Daoya were clearly separated, with the meaning of ＂Suya＂ but named ＂Guya＂. However, since ＂Gu＂ refers to O. sativa in the south, the name ＂Guya＂ is still ambiguous in the south and north of Chi- na. The term ＂Suya＂, which is recorded in the 1963, 1985 and 1990 editions of Chinese Pharmacopoeia, can be distinguish- ed from ＂Daoya＂ . Therefore, we suggest using the term ＂Suya＂ instead of ＂Guya＂ to avoid misunderstanding.
作者
王艳
王安
卢曦
胡素敏
WANG Yan;WANG An;LU Xi;HU Su-min(College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China)
出处
《中国现代中药》
CAS
2018年第1期106-109,共4页
Modern Chinese Medicine
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(11475035)
国家自然科学基金项目(11675027)
国家社会科学基金项目(14@ZH001)
关键词
谷芽
稻芽
源流
Guya
Daoya
origin
